Reinnervation of denervated lumbar ventral roots and their target muscle by thoracic spinal motoneurons via an implanted nerve autograft in adult rats after spinal cord injury

Liu, Song; Kadi, Khadija; Boisset, Nazaire; Lacroix, Catherine; Saïd, Gérard; Tadié, M

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19990601)56:5<506::aid-jnr6>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…42 A second study showed partial recovery of limb function following the transfer of multiple intercostal nerves to multiple lumbar nerve roots in the rat. 24 A variant of a spinal cord bypass without using nerve transfers has been developed in rats 23,24 and later in primates. 20,21 In this model, the proximal terminus of peripheral nerve autografts is implanted into the ventral horn of the spinal cord below the level of injury, whereas the distal ends are anastomosed to the lumbar ventral nerve roots.…”

Section: Spinal Cord Bypass: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal cord bypass surgery using peripheral nerve transfers: review of translational studies and a case report on its use following complete spinal cord injury in a human

Oppenheim

Spitzer

Winfree

2009

FOC

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Spinal cord injury has been studied in a variety of in vitro and in vivo animal models. One promising therapeutic approach involves the transfer of peripheral nerves originating above the level of injury into the spinal cord below the level of injury. A model of spinal cord injury in rodents has shown the growth of peripheral nerve fibers into the spinal cord, with the subsequent development of functional synaptic connections and limb movement. The authors of this paper are currently developing a similar model in felines to assess the cortical control of these novel repair pathways. In an effort to determine whether these neurotization techniques could translate to spinal cord injury in humans, the authors treated a patient by using intercostal nerve transfer following complete acute spinal cord injury. The case presented details a patient with paraplegia who regained partial motor and sensory activity following the transfer of intercostal nerves, originating above the level of the spinal cord injury, into the spinal canal below the level of injury. The patient recovered some of his motor and sensory function. Notably, his recovered hip flexion showed respiratory variation. This finding raises the possibility that intercostal nerve transfers may augment neurological recovery after complete spinal cord injury.

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Section: Spinal Cord Bypass: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal cord bypass surgery using peripheral nerve transfers: review of translational studies and a case report on its use following complete spinal cord injury in a human

Oppenheim

Spitzer

Winfree

2009

FOC

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“…Our protocol is an extension of the nerve bypass approach that was pioneered by David and Aguayo (1981) and that was modified recently by Gauthier et al (2002). Liu et al (1999) have also used this approach to promote motor axon growth directly to muscles paralyzed by spinal lesion. Each of these groups used an isolated peripheral nerve segment as a conduit to direct axons from one spinal cord level to another.…”

Section: T13 Nerve Insertion Procedures Has Advantages Over Other Bridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Novel Spinal Circuits to Promote Recovery after Spinal Injury

Campos¹,

Meng²,

Hu³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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We have developed an innovative way to establish a functional bridge around a spinal lesion. We disconnected the T13 nerve from its muscle targets, leaving the proximal end intact. The cut end was inserted either into an intact spinal cord, to assess regeneration of T13 axons into the cord and synapse formation with spinal neurons, or caudal to a hemisection at L2/3, to assess restoration of function below the injury. Four to 28 weeks later, anterograde tracers indicated that axons from the inserted T13 nerve regenerated into the ventral horn, the intermediate zone, and dorsal horn base, both in intact and hemisected animals. Antibodies to cholinergic markers showed that many regenerating axons were from T13 motoneurons. Electrical stimulation of the T13 nerve proximal to the insertion site 4 weeks or more after insertion into the intact cord evoked local field potentials in the intermediate zone and ventral horn, which is where T13 axons terminated. Stimulation of T13 in 71% of the animals (8 hemisected, 7 intact) evoked contraction of the back or leg muscles, depending on the level of insertion. Animals in which T13 was inserted caudal to hemisection had significantly less spasticity and muscle wasting and greater mobility at the hip, knee, ankle, and digits in the ipsilateral hindlimb than did animals with a hemisection only. Thus, T13 motor axons form novel synapses with lumbosacral motor circuits. Because the T13 motor neurons retain their connections to the brain, these novel circuits might restore voluntary control to muscles paralyzed below a spinal lesion.

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“…In the first case, a peripheral nerve autograft is used as source. This technique was first introduced by Aguayo [3] and recently demonstrated by Liu et al [110] as well as Sauvé et al [135]. Electrophysiologically selected L3 and L4 lumbar ventral roots supplying the quadriceps muscle were anastomosed to a nerve autograft (NAG).…”

Section: Establishing Functional Synaptic Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actual Aspects of Treatment Strategies in Spinal Cord Injury

Mautes

Steudel

2002

European Journal of Trauma

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Treatment in the Acute Phase: Processes of secondary injury significantly enlarge tissue damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Ischemic and inflammatory processes play a major role. Animal models have shown that in the acute stage, there are numerous possibilities of preventing secondary tissue damage after SCI including barbiturate coma, hypothermia, tissue oxygenation, administration of antioxidants and neuropeptides, as well as maintenance of the ionic homeostasis and balance between anti-and pro-inflammatory strategies. Only methylprednisolone (MP) has given consistent enough results in clinical trials to justify its wide use today, although the effects are small and the mechanism of action (radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema) is not understood. The role of inflammation is also far from being clear; damaging as well as positive, tissue-protecting effects are described and probably occur simultaneously. Treatment in the Chronic Phase: In the chronic stage, strategies to promote axonal regeneration and compensatory sprouting of fibers include support of neuronal survival, promotion of axonal growth by the use of antibodies to block white matter inhibitors or influencing the surrounding through application of neurotrophins or substances that minimize scar formation or bridge the damaged tissue through transplantation. Although several of these procedures have yielded exciting results in animal models, none of them has reached the level of clinical trials yet.

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Reinnervation of denervated lumbar ventral roots and their target muscle by thoracic spinal motoneurons via an implanted nerve autograft in adult rats after spinal cord injury

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Spinal cord bypass surgery using peripheral nerve transfers: review of translational studies and a case report on its use following complete spinal cord injury in a human

Spinal cord bypass surgery using peripheral nerve transfers: review of translational studies and a case report on its use following complete spinal cord injury in a human

Engineering Novel Spinal Circuits to Promote Recovery after Spinal Injury

Actual Aspects of Treatment Strategies in Spinal Cord Injury

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