Reintroduction of rare arable plants in extensively managed fields: Effects of crop type, sowing density and soil tillage

Lang, M.; Kollmann, Johannes; Prestele, Julia; Wiesinger, Klaus; Albrecht, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2020.107187

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, SRC are not expected to have any potential to promote rare or threatened arable species, since the shading from trees and competition with the accompanying perennial herbaceous vegetation does not provide favorable conditions for highly specialized and low-competitive arable species [23,31,54,55]. In order to promote rare and threatened arable species, specific measures within arable fields are required [56,57], and SRC do not offer an alternative to these. In terms of qualitative (occurring species) and quantitative (frequency of the species) species composition there were, in some cases, somewhat greater similarities between stands from different sites, but in other cases there were also clear differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-Rotation Coppice Managed According to Ecological Guidelines—What Are the Benefits for Phytodiversity?

Zitzmann

Rode

2021

Forests

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In recent years, the impact of short-rotation coppice (SRC) on biodiversity has been a regular subject of research and ecological guidelines have been developed to make biomass cultivation on SRC more compatible with biodiversity concerns. However, since these guidelines are only implemented voluntarily by farmers, there are barely any SRC that are managed according to ecological guidelines. Consequently, knowledge about their importance for farmland biodiversity and about the impact of different measures for increasing biodiversity remains scarce. Therefore, three experimental SRC, which are managed according to ecological guidelines and thus include stands of different tree species (varieties of poplar (Populus) and willow (Salix), rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), silver birch (Betula pendula)) and different growth-stages within the same site, were investigated with regard to their importance as habitat for vascular plants. Species numbers and species composition were compared with the following habitat types: afforestations (AFO), young (HE-Y) and old hedges (HE-O), field margins (FM) and arable land (AL). Furthermore, different stand types (i.e., stands with different tree species and growth-stages, headlands, clearings) within these SRC were surveyed and compared. Species numbers of SRC were similar to HE-Y, AFO and FM and significantly higher than in AL and HE-O. The composition of plant communities in SRC differed considerably from the other farmland habitats, especially from AL, HE-O and FM. Within the SRC, most stand types had similar species numbers. Only the non-harvested poplar stands were particularly species-poor. Harvesting led to increased species numbers. This increase was significant for the poplar stands but only moderate for the willow stands. With regard to their species composition, the different stand types differed considerably in many cases. We conclude that SRC, which are managed according to ecological guidelines, can be an additional measure to promote phytodiversity in agricultural landscapes as they contain relatively high species numbers (of mainly common and adaptable species) and support distinct plant communities that differ from other farmland habitats. Therefore, measures such as the cultivation of different tree species or sectional harvesting could be offered as agri-environmental schemes to further increase the ecological sustainability of biomass production on SRC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Rotation Coppice Managed According to Ecological Guidelines—What Are the Benefits for Phytodiversity?

Zitzmann

Rode

2021

Forests

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“…Even though the Red List status usually refers to wild populations or regional provenances, these examples show the potential of gardens as habitats for rare and threatened species. In these cases, the use of regional provenances can lead to the conservation or reintroduction of rare species with benefits for biodiversity conservation (Fischer et al 2013;Lang et al 2016Lang et al , 2021Albrecht et al 2016).…”

Section: High Diversity Of Cultivated and Wild Growing Plant Species ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities

et al. 2022

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Plant communities in urban gardens consist of cultivated species, including ornamentals and food crops, and wild growing species. Yet it remains unclear what significance urban gardens have for the plant diversity in cities and how the diversity of cultivated and wild plants depends on the level of urbanization. We sampled plants growing within 18 community gardens in Berlin, Germany to investigate the species diversity of cultivated and wild plants. We tested species diversity in relation to local and landscape-scale imperviousness as a measure of urbanity, and we investigated the relationship between cultivated and wild plant species within the gardens. We found that numbers of wild and cultivated plant species in gardens are high – especially of wild plant species – independent of landscape-scale imperviousness. This suggests that all community gardens, regardless of their urban contexts, can be important habitats for plant diversity along with their role in urban food provision. However, the number of all species was negatively predicted by local garden scale imperviousness, suggesting an opportunity to reduce imperviousness and create more habitats for plants at the garden scale. Finally, we found a positive relationship between the number of cultivated and wild growing species, which emphasizes that community gardens present a unique urban ecosystem where land sharing between cultivated and wild flora can transpire. As the urban agriculture movement is flourishing worldwide with gardens continuously and spontaneously arising and dissipating due to urban densification, such botanical investigations can support the argument that gardens are places for the reconciliation of plant conservation and food production.

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“…Fragmentation and habitat loss are among the most widely reported biodiversity threats (Fahrig, 2003; Wilson et al, 2016). More precisely, the transformation of natural habitats into farmlands has been linked to the extinction of or threat to plant populations throughout Europe (Lang et al, 2021). However, some species have been able to adapt to arable ecosystems and substitute their natural habitats for artificial ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a general trend in diversity loss in the weed community has been reported in recent decades, with many of the plant species typically inhabiting arable fields having severely declined (Storkey et al, 2012). Consequently, the number of studies addressing the conservation of threatened weeds has increased (Hulina, 2005; Lang et al, 2021; Pinke et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation strategies for endangered arable plant Euphorbia gaditana

Rabasa

Dios

Cabezas

et al. 2022

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Fragmentation and habitat loss are considered among the most important threats to biodiversity. More precisely, transformation of natural habitats into farmlands has been identified as one of the primary causes of plant species extinction. Therefore, understanding the effects of habitat fragmentation is crucial to the successful conservation of threatened species. Metapopulation modeling is one of the prospective tools used in conservation biology to evaluate long‐term survival in fragmented landscapes. In this work, we applied a metapopulation approach to the conservation of the rare plant Euphorbia gaditana Coss., an endangered species growing on the margins of crops in southern Spain. The species is threatened due to herbicide application and intensification of cultivation, which results in a highly patchy distribution, with more than 50 patches of habitat across three separate networks of patches. We used IFM (Incidence Function Modeling) to compare the relative effectiveness of four conservation management scenarios and the effect of three threat scenarios on the risk of extinction of the species. The results of our simulations of population dynamics under plausible management scenarios will aid conservation decision‐making, for example, allowing priority conservation areas to be identified or assessing the effect of future reintroductions.

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Reintroduction of rare arable plants in extensively managed fields: Effects of crop type, sowing density and soil tillage

Cited by 11 publications

References 49 publications

Short-Rotation Coppice Managed According to Ecological Guidelines—What Are the Benefits for Phytodiversity?

Short-Rotation Coppice Managed According to Ecological Guidelines—What Are the Benefits for Phytodiversity?

Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities

Conservation strategies for endangered arable plant Euphorbia gaditana

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