Reinvestigation of the lycopsid Minarodendron cathaysiense from the Middle Devonian of South China

Liu, Le; Wang, Biao; Xue, Jinzhuang; Meng, Mei-Cen; Guo, Yun

doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2013/0331

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In basal lycopsids such as the Middle Devonian Protolepidodendrales, e.g., Minarodendron [ 46 , 47 ], the vegetative and fertile leaves had more or less the same morphology; fertile leaves were dispersed amongst the vegetative leaves. These plants were all homosporous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lilingostrobus chaloneri gen. et sp. nov., a Late Devonian woody lycopsid from Hunan, China

Gerrienne¹,

Cascales‐Miñana²,

Prestianni³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Lycopsids are a minor component of current terrestrial herbaceous floras. However, lycopsid fossil diversity shows a great diversity and disparity including heterosporous woody plants, e.g. the giant isoetaleans that populated the extensive Pennsylvanian wetlands. The earliest known isoetaleans come from late Devonian localities from China. Here, we describe Lilingostrobus chaloneri gen. et sp. nov., a new isoetalean lycopsid from the Upper Devonian (Famennian) Xikuangshan Formation of China (Hunan Province, South China), which adds to the already impressive diversity of the Devonian lycopsids from China. Lilingostrobus shows an unusual combination of characters. This new plant is pseudoherbaceous, with a possible tufted habit, and consists of narrow axes with rare isotomies. The stem includes small quantities of secondary xylem. Each fertile axis bears one terminal strobilus comprising sporophylls ending in a very long upturned lamina. Microspores and putative megaspores have been found, but whether the plant has mono- or bisporangiate strobili is unknown. Importantly, our cladistic analysis identifies Lilingostrobus as a direct precursor of Isoetales, which provides new insights into the early evolution of lycopsids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lilingostrobus chaloneri gen. et sp. nov., a Late Devonian woody lycopsid from Hunan, China

Gerrienne¹,

Cascales‐Miñana²,

Prestianni³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…In arborescent lycopsids, the secondary xylem is not as thick as that in some euphyllophyte trees, but the secondary cortex (periderm) provides the major mechanical support [ 1 , 2 , 50 ]. Therefore, it has been proposed that the proportion of cortex area to axis area in cross section can be used as an index of the growth architecture of the lycopsids [ 51 ]. The cortex proportion of M .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cortex proportion of M . chaohuensis is estimated to be 88.7%, exceeding the value of pseudoherbaceous lycopsid Paurodendron (75.2%—80.0%), but approaching that of arborescent Sublepidodendron (90.7%) [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetative Characters, Growth Habit and Microsporangiate Strobilus of Lycopsid Minostrobus chaohuensis

2015

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Late Devonian Minostrobus chaohuensis is one of the earliest monosporangiate-strobilate isoetaleans. Based on new material of this plant, the vegetative axis and microsporangiate strobilus are studied in detail, and the whole plant knowledge is summarized. The vegetative axis is isotomously branched. The stem is up to 55 mm in diameter with helically arranged leaf cushions. Stems and thick branches bear long fusiform leaf cushions and interareas with vertical linear ornamentations. A ligule pit, oblanceolate leaf scar, and vascular bundle scar appear on the leaf cushion. Distal axes have persistent lanceolate leaves and rhombic leaf bases. The microsporangiate strobilus is cylindrical in shape, possesses sporophyll with alate pedicel and long triangular lamina, uniseriate sporangial wall, subarchesporial pad inside the sporangium, and microspore with cingulum. Based on comparisons with other isoetaleans, the usage of the terms “leaf cushion” and “leaf base” is discussed, and Minostrobus chaohuensis is considered as a tree-like lycopsid. It suggests that arborescent isoetaleans with monosporangiate strobili had appeared and diversified in the Late Devonian. The multi-dichotomous branching system of Minostrobus provides new data on the evolution of growth architecture in rhizomorphic lycopsids.

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“…Despite its vast distribution, this genus consists only of three described species: L. complexa , L. andrewsii Gensel et Kasper, and L. uncinata Xu, Berry, Wang et Marshall. The growth habit of these lycopsids is unclear, considering the fragmentary nature of axes worldwide, and possibility that some protolepidodendrids such as Minarodendron cathaysiense (Schweitzer and Cai) Li may have been arboreus (Liu et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, systematics of Devonian lycopsids has faced the problems described above. For example, the genus Protolepidodendron is only distinguishable from Leclercqia on the basis of distal leaf divisions and on the shape of primary xylem strands to a lesser extent (Kräusel and Weyland, 1932; Schweitzer and Cai, 1987; Meyer‐Berthaud et al, 2003; Jurina, 2009; Liu et al, 2013). However, the last remaining specimens attributed to Protolepidodendron are poorly preserved, so their verification may not be aided by dégagement comparisons.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying morphometrics to early land plant systematics: A new Leclercqia (Lycopsida) species from Washington State, USA

Benca

Carlisle

Bergen

et al. 2014

American J of Botany

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Reinvestigation of the lycopsid Minarodendron cathaysiense from the Middle Devonian of South China

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Lilingostrobus chaloneri gen. et sp. nov., a Late Devonian woody lycopsid from Hunan, China

Lilingostrobus chaloneri gen. et sp. nov., a Late Devonian woody lycopsid from Hunan, China

Vegetative Characters, Growth Habit and Microsporangiate Strobilus of Lycopsid Minostrobus chaohuensis

Applying morphometrics to early land plant systematics: A new Leclercqia (Lycopsida) species from Washington State, USA

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