Relação entre os achados do teste masking level difference e do reflexo acústico em crianças com transtorno fonológico

Abstract

Resumo: OBJETIVO: investigar os achados do teste Masking Level Difference com os resultados do reflexo acústico e a composição do sistema fonológico de crianças com transtorno fonológico, com o propósito de verificar se há associações que possam auxiliar a compreensão do processo de aquisição de linguagem atípica. MÉTODOS: estudo quantitativo, observacional e descritivo, desenvolvido por meio de levantamento secundário de um banco de dados, constituído de avaliações fonoaudiológicas de 110 crianças com transtorno fonológico, com idades entre 5 e 10 anos. Para a composição do corpus deste estudo o requisito utilizado foi a realização da timpanometria, com curva timpanométrica do tipo A (Jerger) e possuir avaliação do Masking Level Difference. RESULTADOS: dos dados de 110 crianças, 57 se enquadraram nestes requisitos, compondo a população deste estudo, sendo 42 do sexo masculino e 15 do sexo feminino. Destas 57 crianças, 23 (40,3%) apresentam resultado do Masking Level Difference normal e 34 (59,7%) apresentam resultado alterado. Não foi encontrada diferença estatística na relação entre o Masking Level Difference com as variáveis idade, sexo, grau de inteligibilidade de fala e o resultado do reflexo acústico contralateral e ipsilateral. Na relação entre a aquisição fonológica dos fonemas em onsetinicial e medial, foi encontrada significância estatística entre a não aquisição dos fonemas /s/ e /ʀ/ em onset inicial e /s/ e /z/ em onset medial com o resultado do teste alterado. CONCLUSÃO: outras habilidades do processamento auditivo, além da interação binaural, devem ser estudadas a fim de identificar a relação deste com o transtorno fonológico.

Masking Level Difference em escolares: análises ambientais

“…The abovementioned researchers who used MLD in students with speech-language (12) disorder, found greater occurrence of such disorder on the male gender, and a greater percentage of altered individuals in the test, however, as in the current study, there was no significant difference to the 5 to 10 year old age ranges. The authors explain that this majority result may have occurred due to the great number of children who showed otitis media during childhood, which may have brought consequences to the hearing skills.…”

“…Nevertheless, the study that evaluated the MDL in Australian kids showed a predominance of males (11) and, although the age average is similar to the one shown in this study (9.4 years old) and had no difference between the genders, the MDL value was superior, as previously referenced (11.21dB). Another study, yet Brazilian, also showed a male prevalence (73.7%) in the sample and did not show difference in the rest result, compared to female, in an age range of 5 to 10 years (12) old. Yet, there was no presentation of an acquired value average, considering that they were distributed into normal and altered in face of a normality used for the test, which was of 9dB.…”

“…Regarding the lack of difference in the MLD outcome among the age ranges, it is believed that it may be associated to the end of the auditory pathway maturation until the low brainstem, where the stimulus presented in the test is analyzed (12,14) . This fact meets what the other authors (10,12) reported in their studies with MLD in children, which is that the peripheral hearing processes and of the brainstem responsible for answering to the MLD are ready in the sixth month of life. Therefore, by the age of 7, there is already stability in this pathway and, hence, in the current study, it is possible to perceive the uniformity in answers of the different age ranges, as well as in the abovementioned studies, which evaluated similar age ranges.…”

Auditory Abilities in Individuals With and Without Formal Musical Training

“…For the Masking Level Difference (MLD) test (Table 1), we observed that the Musicians group had a higher average than the Non-musicians group. The test involves auditory binaural integration and, as described in the literature, studies with MLD in children have shown that the peripheral and brainstem auditory processes responsible for MLD are completely formed by the sixth month of life [28,29].…”

A systematic review of auditory processing abilities in children with speech sound disorders

“…Exactly 4 of the 6 studies included typical normal developing children in the control group [12,[19][20][21]. In contrast, the remaining two studies [22,23] had no control group. All selected studies utilised behavioral APD tests to assess temporal processing, binaural interaction, integration, and auditory closure.…”