Relapsed Wilms' tumor with multiple brain metastasis

Abstract

Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in childhood. The brain metastasis of a Wilms' tumor with anaplastic histopathology is rare. We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with Wilms' tumor, who presented with multiple brain metastases 5 years after her primary diagnosis. The brain masses were diagnosed after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure attack. The big solid mass in the cerebellum was resected, and whole-brain radiotherapy was performed, after which, she succumbed to her disease. In the case of clinical suspicion, cranial surveillance should be included in the routine clinical work-up for Wilms' tumor. Combined aggressive therapy (surgery+radiotherapy+chemotherapy) should be applied whenever possible, for both better survival and palliative aspects.

Inhibition of Wilms’ Tumor Proliferation and Invasion by Blocking TGF-β Receptor I in the TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway

“…The good prognosis of WT is currently attributed to the continuous efforts of the National Wilms Tumor Study Group and the International Society of Pediatric Oncology [20][21][22]. However, metastasis, relapse, and chemotherapy resistance also severely influence long-term patient survival [23,24]. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the mechanisms underlying WT progression, and targeting this mechanism may constitute a promising therapeutical strategy.…”

MicroRNA-27a-5p inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion and promotes apoptosis of Wilms tumor cell by targeting PBOV1

“…The survival of Wilms tumor patients has been significantly improved from less than 30% to more than 90% in the past decade due to modern therapeutic strategies and technology (Szychot et al, 2014;Lopes and Lorenzo, 2017). However, the current therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have serious side effects with poor efficacy in patients with tumor metastasis (Pritchard-Jones, 2002;Ehrlich et al, 2009;Akakin et al, 2016). Meanwhile, large-scale next-generation sequencing has identified multiple mutations of candidate driver in Wilms tumor (Gadd et al, 2017).…”