Relation of Magnesium Intake With Cardiac Function and Heart Failure Hospitalizations in Black Adults

Abstract

Background Little is known about the relations of magnesium intake with risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, particularly in African-Americans. We hypothesize that magnesium intake relates to HF hospitalization in African-Americans. Methods and Results From the Jackson Heart Study cohort (n=5,301), we studied 4,916 African-Americans recruited during 2000–2004 in Jackson (MS), who completed an 158-item Food-Frequency Questionnaire which included dietary supplements. Total daily magnesium intake derived from the questionnaire was divided by the body weight (Kg) to account for body storage, and stratified by quartiles (0.522–2.308, 2.309–3.147, 3.148–4.226 and ≥4.227mg magnesium intake/Kg). Cox proportional hazards modeling assessed the association between quartiles of magnesium intake/Kg and hospitalizations for HF adjusting for HF risk, energy intake and dietary factors affecting magnesium uptake. The cohort had a mean age=55.3 (SD=12.7yrs), and composed of 63.4% women, 21.6% diabetes, 62.7% hypertension, 7.1% coronary disease and 2.8% with known HF. When compared to participants in the first quartile of magnesium intake/Kg, those with higher magnesium intake (>2.308 mg/kg) had decreased risk of HF admission, with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.66(95%CI: 0.47–0.94) in the second quartile to 0.47 (95% CI: 0.27–0.82) in the highest quartile. Results were similar when individuals with previous diagnosed HF (2.8%) were excluded or when the analysis was repeated using quartiles of magnesium intake without accounting for body weight. Conclusions Magnesium intake below 2.3mg/Kg (~181 mg/day) was related to increased risk for subsequent HF hospitalizations. Future studies are needed to test whether serum Magnesium levels and/or intake predict risk of heart failure.

Serum magnesium and risk of incident heart failure in older men: The British Regional Heart Study

“…However, magnesium supplementation trials on mortality outcome, largely conducted in high risk patients with acute MI have been inconclusive [ 13 ]. While one observational study has reported an inverse association between dietary magnesium intake and risk of HF hospitalisation [ 45 ], a magnesium supplementation trial has yet to be conducted in generally healthy older adults with respect to HF outcome.…”

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“…MgOr is important in treating magnesium deficiency, has a cardiovascular effect, and is suited for treating heart failure. Several studies revealed that MgOr is well‐adapted by the metabolism of purine and lipoprotein in the human body .…”

Magnesium and Cardiovascular Disease

“…A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies showed that increasing dietary magnesium intake was associated with a 22% reduction in the risk of heart HF (105). Moreover, a low dietary magnesium intake <2.3 mg/kg increased the risk for subsequent HF hospitalizations in African patients (106). Administration of magnesium showed a decrease in premature ventricular depolarization in patients with class II-IV HF (107).…”