Relation of percentage of body fat and maximal aerobic capacity to risk factors for atherosclerosis and diabetes in black and white seven- to eleven-year-old children

Gutin, Bernard; Islam, Shaheen; Manos, Tina M.; Cucuzzo, Nicholas; Smith, Clayton; Stachura, Max E.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81997-3

Cited by 163 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…49,50 Although several papers have shown the relationship between high levels of adiposity or obesity and the clustering of CVD risk factors in youth, [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] few have examined the association of aerobic fitness and the clustering of CVD risk factors in youth. 35,60 In 7-11-y-old Black and White children, maximal aerobic capacity was associated with an atherogenic index (r ¼ À0.27) and insulin level (r ¼ À0.72) 60 and in Danish adolescents V O2 max was related to CVD risk score (r ¼ 0.17). 35 The results of the present study show that a higher BMI and a lower PWC are associated with a higher CVD risk score and it appears that higher levels of PWC with a BMI category are 'protective' in the clustering of CVD risk factors in adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic fitness, body mass index, and CVD risk factors among adolescents: the Québec family study

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the association of body mass index (BMI) and aerobic fitness on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents. METHODS: The sample included 416 boys and 345 girls 9-18 y of age from the Québec Family Study. Participants were crosstabulated into four groups using a median split of age-adjusted physical working capacity (PWC) and body mass index (BMI). Group differences in age-adjusted CVD risk factors (blood pressures, fasting total cholesterol (CHOL), LDL -C, HDL-C, HDL/ CHOL, triglycerides, glucose, and a composite risk factor score) were examined by two-way ANOVA. RESULTS: Several CVD risk factors showed significant main effects for PWC, BMI and/or the PWC by BMI interaction. In general, low fit males and females had higher blood lipids and glucose compared to their high fit counterparts within BMI categories although none of the differences reached statistical significance. The high fit/low BMI group showed the best CVD risk factor profile while the low fit/high BMI showed a poorer profile as evidenced by several significant differences between these two groups. Other significant differences occurred for various risk factors between groups. CONCLUSION: Both aerobic fitness and BMI show an independent association with CVD risk factors in adolescents.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic fitness, body mass index, and CVD risk factors among adolescents: the Québec family study

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A study of young and elderly men (22) found that aerobic training led to greater reductions in central than peripheral fat stores in the elderly men. Perhaps the central fat accumulated during the adult years is more sensitive to mobilization by PT. The fact that the FT, without dietary intervention, resulted in a significant decline in percent fat in just 10 weeks highlights the potential long-term value of PT in dealing with childhood obesity, although for girls who were over 40% fat at baseline, the decline of 1.4% fat may seem rather modest. In order to clarify how much of a change in body composition might be expected from PT, we quantified the energy expended in the PT sessions for each child from her individual HR-energy expenditure laboratory calibration as described in the metbods section.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Training Improves Body Composition of Black Obese 7‐ to 11‐Year‐Old Girls

et al. 1995

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We determined the effect of supervised physical training, without dietary intervention, on body composition of obese girls. The subjects were 25 obese 7-to 11-year-old black girls, divided into physical training and lifestyle education groups which were comparable on baseline body composition; 22 girls finished all aspects of the study. Twelve girls engaged in aerobic training (10 weeks, 5 daydweek) while 10 engaged in weekly lifestyle discussions without formal physical training. Total body and regional body composition were measured with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, skinfolds and circumferences. Aerobic fitness was measured by heart rate response to submaximal treadmill exercise. The physical training group attended 94% of scheduled sessions and kept their heart rates at an average of 163 bpm for 28 minutedsession. The lifestyle group attended 95% of their sessions; they remained stable in aerobic fitness and most body composition measurements. The physical training group showed a significant improvement in aerobic fitness and a significant decline of 1.4% body fat. Skinfold and circumference indices of fatness also declined significantly in the training group. We conclude that controlled Submitted for publication November 1.1994. Accepted for publication in final form January 9,1995.

show abstract

“…1 Aspects of the IRS can already be seen in obese children, 2,3 suggesting that interventions to counteract the development of the IRS should be explored in childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study was designed to cast light on the in¯uence of exercise, without dietary intervention, on the components of IRS, by: (1) recruiting obese children who would be expected to have many characteristics of IRS; 2 (2) controlling and monitoring the ET so that an adequate dose could be explored; and (3) using a modi®ed cross-over design, so that the in¯uence of ET cessation could be explored as well. Blood pressure (BP) data will be presented elsewhere in a paper that reports on a number of haemodynamic and left ventricular variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exercise training and its cessation on components of the insulin resistance syndrome in obese children

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of exercise training (ET) on components of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in obese children. DESIGN: Randomized, modi®ed cross-over study, with subjects assigned to one of two conditions: (1) 4 months of ET followed by 4 months of no-ET; or (2) 4 months of no-ET followed by 4 months of ET. Measurements were made at three time points: 0, 4 and 8 months. SUBJECTS: 79 obese, but otherwise healthy children (age: 7 ± 11 y, percent fat (%fat) 27 ± 61%). MEASUREMENTS: Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, plasma insulin and glucose concentrations; %fat; submaximal heart rate (HR) as an index of ®tness. EXERCISE TRAINING: ET was offered 5 daweek 40 minad. For the 73 children who completed 4 months of ET, the mean attendance was 80% (that is, 4 daweek) and the average HR during ET was 157 bpm. RESULTS: Signi®cant (P`0.05) group x time interactions were found for plasma triglyceride (TG) and insulin concentrations and %fat. The average change for both groups, from just before ET to just after the 4 month ET was À0.24 mmol Á l À1 for TG, À25.4 pmol Á l À1 for insulin and À1.6 units for %fat. When Group 1 ceased ET, over the following 4 month period the average change for insulin was 26.6 pmol Á l À1 and for %fat 1.3 units. CONCLUSION: Some components (plasma TG, insulin, %fat) of the IRS are improved as a result of 4 months of ET in obese children. However, the bene®ts of ET are lost when obese children become less active.

show abstract

Relation of percentage of body fat and maximal aerobic capacity to risk factors for atherosclerosis and diabetes in black and white seven- to eleven-year-old children

Cited by 163 publications

References 26 publications

Aerobic fitness, body mass index, and CVD risk factors among adolescents: the Québec family study

Aerobic fitness, body mass index, and CVD risk factors among adolescents: the Québec family study

Physical Training Improves Body Composition of Black Obese 7‐ to 11‐Year‐Old Girls

Effects of exercise training and its cessation on components of the insulin resistance syndrome in obese children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About