Relation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase with the incidence of dental caries in children

Vijayaprasad, K E; Ravichandra, K.; Vasa, Aron Arun Kumar; Suzan, S

doi:10.4103/0970-4388.73789

Cited by 28 publications

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“…22,23 While these findings disagree with some studies. 24,25 This study found that higher activity of alkaline phosphatase in the saliva of nursing caries children (6.321±1.792KAU/dl) than that of the caries-free children (5.384±2.11KAU/ dl) with highly significant differences. This study found the positive correlation between salivary alkaline phosphatase activity and dmfs index of nursing caries and statistically at high significant differences.…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase level in children (4-6 years) with nursing caries in Erbil City

Omer

Khoshnaw²

2017

Zanco J Med Sci

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Background and objective:Nursing caries is a complex and severe form of tooth decay that affects a child's teeth and leads to severe pain, teeth loss, and psychological problems. This type of decay is caused by primary factors (host, cariogenic bacteria, fermentable carbohydrate and the time) and other secondary factors. Besides, the dental caries influence by the role of saliva as a defense system. These defense systems include clearance, buffering, antimicrobial agents, and calcium and phosphate delivery for remineralization. This study aimed to find out the relationship between calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase of unstimulated saliva in children with nursing caries. Methods:The sample included 374 children aged 4-6 years; 324 were the study group (with nursing caries) while 50 were control group (caries-free). The case sheet and questionnaire included the child's feeding habits and oral hygiene. A 1.5-2 ml of saliva was collected from the selected children using spitting technique. The method included dental examination for the recording of the dmft and dmfs indices, and saliva analysis to determine the level of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in control and study groups. Results:The study group children demonstrated a statistically highly significant (P ≤0.01) higher saliva calcium (5.229 ± 0.963 mg/dl) and alkaline phosphatase concentrations (6.321 ± 1.792 KAU/dl) than the control group (4.968± 0.757mg/dl, 5.384 ± 2.119 KAU/dl), respectively. The same group demonstrated a statistically highly significant (P ≤0.01) lower inorganic phosphorus concentration (10.991 ± 1.376 mg/dl) than the control group (11.961 ± 1.484 mg/dl). The study group showed a lower percentage of breastfeeding (28.4%) in comparison to the control group (42.0%). Concerning mix-feeding, the study group showed the higher percentage (45.4%) in comparison to the control group (32.0%). The bottle-fed found to be equal in both groups, there was a statistically non-significant difference between the study and control group. Conclusion: Salivary calcium and alkaline phosphatase level have a major role in causing nursing caries in children. On the other hand, salivary inorganic phosphorus level showed a negative correlation with caries activity (dmfs). The type of infant feeding has no effect on the children with nursing caries. Keywords: Saliva; Nursing caries; Calcium; Alkaline phosphatase; dmft; dmfs. The early loss of deciduous teeth may create functional and esthetic problems and may lead to the loss in arch length that may interfere with the proper alignment of the permanent teeth. Therefore, preventive measures should be directed to retain primary teeth until their normal shedding time. 4 Iraqi studies were present regarding the correlation between salivary calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase with dental caries.5 While no previous study about this subject had been done in Erbil city, therefore, this study was carried out as an attempt to determine the relation of calcium, phosphorus and al...

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Section: Agementioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase level in children (4-6 years) with nursing caries in Erbil City

Omer

Khoshnaw²

2017

Zanco J Med Sci

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“…[45] The reduced saliva flow in DS individuals may be related to the existence of changes in the secretory function of the salivary glands of individuals with trisomy 21 and/or hypotonic muscle. [35,36,[39][40][41][42][43]45] Regarding the pH of the saliva of individuals with trisomy 21, there are some studies in which the values are higher [43] than ordinary people, while others have observed similar [11] or lower values. [39] There are several factors that could influence the results described in the literature, such as the analyses method (as used by each researcher), age of individuals, geographic location, food habits and time of collection.…”

Section: Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[36,[39][40][41][42][43] It is agreed almost universally that the salivary flow rate is significantly reduced in individuals with Down syndrome. [13,36,[39][40][41][42][43]] Also, Siqueira et al [39] studied the whole unstimulated and stimulated saliva of people with Down syndrome for 2-5 years and found that salivary buffering capacity of these individuals is increased compared with healthy individuals of the same age. Regarding cariogenic microorganisms, it was reported that in adults and in children with trisomy 21, the lower caries rates was associated with lower levels of Streptococcus mutans in saliva.…”

Section: Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3,12,38] Consequently, the protective effects of salivary constituents, salivary flow rates and the salivary buffering capacity are essential. [36,[39][40][41][42][43] It is agreed almost universally that the salivary flow rate is significantly reduced in individuals with Down syndrome. [13,36,[39][40][41][42][43]] Also, Siqueira et al [39] studied the whole unstimulated and stimulated saliva of people with Down syndrome for 2-5 years and found that salivary buffering capacity of these individuals is increased compared with healthy individuals of the same age.…”

Section: Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the buffer system is the major determinant of salivary pH). [36,40,43,46] Salivary amylase is an important enzyme in the oral cavity. These authors showed low enzyme activity in individuals with trisomy.…”

Section: Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Areias¹,

Maia²,

Macho³

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Oral health in Down Syndrome (DS) individuals has some peculiar aspects that must be considered in the follow up of these patients. In this chapter, we will focus on the oral and maxillofacial morphological alteration, the most prevalent oral pathologies as well as preventive measures and strategies for pathologies management in this population. Also, future research on oral health of DS will be discussed.

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Salivary elemental signature of dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ionomics studies

2023

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Relation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase with the incidence of dental caries in children

Abstract: Saliva could reflect a caries risk situation was supported by the fact that alkaline phosphatase activity was very much significantly higher in caries prone groups.

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase level in children (4-6 years) with nursing caries in Erbil City

Evaluation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase level in children (4-6 years) with nursing caries in Erbil City

Oral Health in Down Syndrome

Salivary elemental signature of dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ionomics studies

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