“…Furthermore, previous achievement was also negatively predictive of strain, and strain, as expected, predicted task performance negatively. This result parallels previous studies, for example, on anxiety (e.g., Pekrun, Lichtenfeld, Marsh, Murayama, & Goetz, 2017) and school burnout (Madigan & Curran, 2020;Paloş, Maricuţoiu, & Costea, 2019), and calls also for acknowledging the possibility of reciprocal relations between students' strain-related responses and academic achievement. In other words, weakness in academic skills may induce strain experiences, which, in turn, interfere with students' cognitive and motivational resources during demanding performance situations.…”