Relations entre le flux salivaire et le taux élevé des Streptocoques mutans et des Lactobacilles salivaires chez l’enfant diabétique de type 1

Abstract

Résumé -Ce travail avait pour but d'examiner les interrelations entre le faible débit salivaire et le nombre élevé des colonies de Streptocoques mutans et de Lactobacilles salivaires chez des enfants ayant un diabète sucré de type 1. L'enquête a été effectuée sur 158 enfants âgés de 5 à 12 ans (128 enfants diabétiques et 30 enfants témoins non diabétiques ne souffrant d'aucune maladie systémique) ; ils ont été sélectionnés dans une clinique pédiatrique et le centre hospitalier universitaire de Lomé (Togo), spécialisés dans le traitement des enfants diabétiques. Il s'agit d'une étude transversale comparative. Chaque groupe d'enfants a été divisé en deux tranches d'âge : de 5-8 ans et de 9-12 ans. Le débit salivaire a été évalué chez tous les patients, chaque enfant a subi un test salivaire à l'aide du « CTR bactéria de Vivadent » afin de déterminer les colonies salivaires de Streptocoques mutans et de Lactobacilles. Les 128 enfants diabétiques de type I présentent une hyposialie avec un débit salivaire de 0,59 ml.min -1 (la valeur normale est de 0,70 ml.min -1 ). La salive de ces enfants renferme une quantité importante de colonies de Streptocoques mutans et de Lactobacilles. La formation de plaque dentaire bactérienne est à l'origine de la carie et de l'inflammation des tissus parodontaux chez l'enfant diabétique de type 1. Des conseils de prophylaxie individuelle doivent être prodigués par le médecin dentiste pédiatrique.Abstract -Relations between the salivary flow rate and the important of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli salivary, among the diabetic child of type 1. The aim of this study was to examine the interrelationships between the low salivary flow and the high number of salivary colonies of Streptococcus mutans and of Lactobacilli of children with diabetes mellitus type 1. The survey was conducted on 158 children between the ages of 5 to 12 years (128 children with diabetes and 30 non-diabetic children witnesses not suffering from any systemic disease); they have been selected in a pediatric clinic and the university hospital center of Lome (Togo), specialized in the treatment of children with diabetes. It is a cross-sectional comparative study. Each group of children has been divided into two age groups of 5-8 years and 9-12 years. The salivary flow was assessed on the 158 patients; each child has suffered a salivary test with the help of the "CTR bacteria of Vivadent" in order to determine the settlements of salivary mutans Streptococci and Lactobacilli. The 128 children with diabetes type 1 present a xerostomy with a salivary flow of 0.59 ml.min -1 (the normal value is 0.70 ml.min -1 ). The saliva of these children contains a significant quantity of colonies of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli. The formation of bacterial plaque is at the origin of the caries and inflammation of the periodontal tissues, among the diabetic child of type I. Prophylactic advice of individual must be provided by pediatrician dentist.

The Influence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Composition

“…But in our study, the main focus was on the colonies of Lactobacillus , and the results showed a correlation between different levels of Lactobacillus in saliva; high levels of Lactobacillus were found in classes with a higher risk for caries. The similar results related to salivary Lactobacilli have been reported in other studies conducted by De Tove et al [ 45 ] and Al-Khayoun et al [ 46 ]. The authors found high levels of Lactobacillus in saliva in children with type 1 diabetes and evaluated that the poor metabolic control of diabetes had a significant effect on the Lactobacillus level in the saliva.…”

Caries‐related salivary parameters and oral microbial flora in patients with type 1 diabetes: A meta‐analysis

“…Although some studies have not found any relationship, 26,54,55 some have found that SM 9,40,56 and LB 1,9,56 counts were remarkably higher in DM patients. While a significant association between SM counts and T1D was observed in the present meta-analysis, no evidence was obtained concerning LB counts.…”