Relationship between acanthosis nigricans, acrochordon and metabolic syndrome in patients with lichen planus

Daye, Munise; Temiz, Selami Aykut; Işık, Begüm; Durduran, Yasemin

doi:10.1111/ijcp.14687

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Therefore, when the systemic endocrine function is compromised, cutaneous homeostasis will also be influenced. There are abundant supporting clinical findings such as the correlation between acanthosis nigricans, acrochordon and metabolic syndrome in patients with lichen planus [ 50 ]; the connection between alopecia areata, vitiligo and autoimmune thyroid disease [ 51 ]; and the relationship between acne, hypertrichosis and insulin resistance [ 52 ].…”

Section: Endocrine Function Of Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Trinity of Skin: Skin Homeostasis as a Neuro–Endocrine–Immune Organ

Jin

Luo

Zheng

2022

Life

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For a long time, skin was thought to be no more than the barrier of our body. However, in the last few decades, studies into the idea of skin as an independent functional organ have gradually deepened our understanding of skin and its functions. In this review, we gathered evidence that presented skin as a “trinity” of neuro–endocrine–immune function. From a neuro perspective, skin communicates through nerves and receptors, releasing neurotrophins and neuropeptides; from an endocrine perspective, skin is able to receive and secrete most hormones and has the cutaneous equivalent of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; from an immune perspective, skin is protected not only by its physical barrier, but also immune cells and molecules, which can also cause inflammation. Together as an organ, skin works bidirectionally by operating peripheral neuro–endocrine–immune function and being regulated by the central nervous system, endocrine system and immune system at the same time, maintaining homeostasis. Additionally, to further explain the “trinity” of cutaneous neuro–endocrine–immune function and how it works in disease pathophysiology, a disease model of rosacea is presented.

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Section: Endocrine Function Of Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Trinity of Skin: Skin Homeostasis as a Neuro–Endocrine–Immune Organ

Jin

Luo

Zheng

2022

Life

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“…However, there was only one study focusing on this lesion in association with AN and acrochordon: a cohort study of 108 patients with lichen planus was compared with 109 controls. The prevalence of MS was higher in the first group (50.9 versus 36.7%, p = 0.3), AN incidence was higher in the lichen group ( p = 0.009), and MS was significantly more frequent in patients with AN + lichen, suggesting that AN is predictive of MS in patients who are already identified with lichen planus [ 80 ].…”

Section: An and Irmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis Nigricans: Pointer of Endocrine Entities

et al. 2022

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Acanthosis nigricans (AN) has been reported in relation to insulin resistance (IR). We aim to review AN through an endocrine and metabolic perspective focusing on IR in association with metabolic complications such as obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and metabolic syndrome (MS) with/without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We revised English papers on PubMed covering publications from the last 5 years. The current prevalence of AN varies from 4.5 to 74% (or even 100%, depending on the studied population), with equal distribution among females and males. Despite higher incidence with an age-dependent pattern, an alarming escalation of cases has been noted for obesity and MS in younger populations . Most frequent IR-associated sites are the neck, axilla, and knuckles, but unusual locations such as the face have also been reported. Quantitative scales such as Burke have been used to describe the severity of the dermatosis, particularly in correlation with IR elements. Dermoscopic examination are required, for instance, in cases with sulcus cutis, hyperpigmented spots, crista cutis, and papillary projections. A skin biopsy may be necessary, but it is not the rule. Both IR that clinically manifests with or without obesity/MS correlates with AN; most studies are cross-sectional, with only a few longitudinal. The approach varied from screening during school periodic checkups/protocols/programs to subgroups of individuals who were already known to be at high cardio-metabolic risk. AN was associated with type2DM, as well as type 1DM. Females with PCOS may already display metabolic complications in 60–80% of cases, with AN belonging to the associated skin spectrum. AN management depends on underlying conditions, and specific dermatological therapy is not generally required, unless the patient achieves metabolic control, has severe skin lesions, or desires cosmetic improvement. In IR cases, lifestyle interventions can help, including weight control up to bariatric surgery. In addition, metformin is a key player in the field of oral medication against DM type 2, a drug whose indication is extended to PCOS and even to AN itself, outside the specific panel of glucose anomalies. In terms of cosmetic intervention, limited data have been published on melatonin, urea cream, topical retinoids, vitamin D analogs, or alexandrite laser. In conclusion, awareness of IR and its associated clinical features is essential to provide prompt recognition of underlying conditions. AN represents a useful non-invasive surrogate marker of this spectrum in both children and adults. The pivotal role of this dermatosis could massively improve endocrine and metabolic assessments.

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“…The most common comorbidities of LP are hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) and thyroid disease [ 2 , 12 ]. Recently, metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dyslipidemia have also been reported to be associated with LP [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Additionally, LP patients have increased risk for cardiovascular diseases [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Lipoprotein Particles in the Blood Serum of Patients with Lichen Planus

et al. 2023

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Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that belongs to the group of papulosquamous skin diseases among diseases like psoriasis, a widely studied disease in dermatology. The aim of the study was to identify the changes between the blood sera of lichen planus patients and healthy controls to widen the knowledge about the metabolomic aspect of lichen planus and gain a better understanding about the pathophysiology of the disease. We used high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to measure the levels of blood serum metabolites, lipoproteins and lipoprotein particles. Dyslipidemia has relatively recently been shown to be one of the comorbidities of lichen planus, but the changes in the components of lipoproteins have not been described yet. We found statistically significant changes in the concentrations of 16 markers regarding lipoproteins, which included the components of intermediate-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins and large low-density lipoproteins. We propose that the detected changes may increase the risk for specific comorbidities (e.g., dyslipidemia) and resulting cardiovascular diseases, as the turnover and hepatic uptake of the altered/modified lipoprotein particles are disturbed.

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Relationship between acanthosis nigricans, acrochordon and metabolic syndrome in patients with lichen planus

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

The Trinity of Skin: Skin Homeostasis as a Neuro–Endocrine–Immune Organ

The Trinity of Skin: Skin Homeostasis as a Neuro–Endocrine–Immune Organ

Acanthosis Nigricans: Pointer of Endocrine Entities

Changes in Lipoprotein Particles in the Blood Serum of Patients with Lichen Planus

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