Relationship between child maltreatment and adolescent body mass index trajectories

Sokol, Rebeccah L.; Gottfredson, Nisha C.; Shanahan, Meghan; Halpern, Carolyn Tucker

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.07.024

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Previous research investigating the longitudinal relationship between child maltreatment and BMI has evaluated whether maltreatment alters an individual's BMI trajectory. 15,[19][20][21] However, prior studies have not considered how the association between maltreatment and BMI changes as individuals age. This study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to test when the associations between types of child maltreatment (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) and BMI are strongest between 13 to 28 years, and whether different patterns exist for males and females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TVEM results of examining associations between maltreatment types and BMI over ages[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The solid black curves in the figure correspond to coefficient estimates of the association between maltreatment and BMI across time (i.e., age), and shaded regions correspond to the 95% confidence intervals of the coefficient estimates across time.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sensitive Periods for the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and BMI

Sokol

Gottfredson

Poti

et al. 2019

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction: Although previous research has suggested a positive association between child maltreatment and body mass index (BMI) over the life course, it is unclear when the relationship develops. Methods: The authors used time-varying effect models and data from a nationally representative, longitudinal, cohort study (Add Health), to test how childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse uniquely varied in associations with BMI from age 13-28, and whether different patterns existed for males and females. Add Health collected data from 1994-2008, and present analyses occurred in 2018. Results: 18 years was the earliest age when a relationship between maltreatment and BMI emerged for either sex. Child sexual abuse was negatively associated with BMI among males from 18.5-20 years but positively associated with BMI among females from 19-24.5 years, and childhood emotional abuse was positively associated with BMI among females from 18-28 years. Conclusions: The relationship between child maltreatment and BMI varies as a function of maltreatment type, sex, and time. Notably, associations between maltreatment and BMI did not emerge until young adulthood. Future research should investigate mechanisms by which the association between maltreatment and BMI changes over time to identify trauma-informed intervention targets for improving weight outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Periods for the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and BMI

Sokol

Gottfredson

Poti

et al. 2019

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…As for the accumulation of ACEs, the significant association of two ACEs with overweight and obesity became nonsignificant after adjusting for maternal age, child's sex, grade, year conducted a survey, school, and parental obesity. Although some studies have found an association between the accumulation of ACEs and increased BMI in adolescents ( 12 , 13 , 19 ), other studies have shown no significant association between child abuse and increased BMI ( 36 , 37 ). Sokol et al ( 37 ) who examined the association between child abuse and BMI across adolescence found that adolescents who experienced abuse, who did not experience physical abuse, and who experienced both physical abuse and neglect all exhibited stable BMIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Although some studies have found an association between the accumulation of ACEs and increased BMI in adolescents ( 12 , 13 , 19 ), other studies have shown no significant association between child abuse and increased BMI ( 36 , 37 ). Sokol et al ( 37 ) who examined the association between child abuse and BMI across adolescence found that adolescents who experienced abuse, who did not experience physical abuse, and who experienced both physical abuse and neglect all exhibited stable BMIs. However, adolescents who experienced sexual abuse and co-occurring physical abuse and neglect showed a rapid increase in BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences Including Low Household Income and Peer Isolation With Obesity Among Japanese Adolescents: Results From A-CHILD Study

Doi

Isumi

Fujiwara

2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundAdverse childhood experience (ACE) is a major risk factor for obesity in both adults and adolescents. Although, arguably, peer isolation and low household income could be conceived as of ACEs, few studies have included these experiences as ACEs.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine whether ACEs, including peer isolation and low household income, are associated with obesity in adolescents.MethodsWe used pooled data from the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study in 2016 and 2018, which is a school-based cross-sectional study in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan, N = 6,946, 4th (9–10 years old), 6th (11–12 years old), and 8th (13–14 years old) grades. Among the eight items of ACEs, adolescents assessed one item, including peer isolation, and their caregivers assessed seven other items using questionnaires. The adolescents' body mass index (BMI) was measured in school health checkups and calculated to fit the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to investigate the association of the cumulative ACEs and each type of ACE with BMI, in which the study was conducted in 2020.ResultsThe number of ACEs was not associated with overweight or obesity among adolescents after adjusting for covariates. As for each type of ACE, single parenthood and low household income showed a significant independent association with obesity.ConclusionsThe number of ACEs was not associated with overweight or obesity in Japanese adolescents, while single parenthood and low household income showed a significant positive association with obesity. Further longitudinal studies are needed to replicate this association among adolescents.

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“…The relation between childhood maltreatment and overweight has been confirmed by two meta-analyses including 190,285 and 112,708 participants, respectively (12,13). Longitudinal studies with several assessments have shown that maltreatment is related to accelerated weight gain (14)(15)(16)(17), but report conflicting results with regard to which type of maltreatment drives this effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Not the Root of the Problem—Hair Cortisol and Cortisone Do Not Mediate the Effect of Child Maltreatment on Body Mass Index

et al. 2020

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Background: Experiencing maltreatment during childhood exerts substantial stress on the child and increases the risk for overweight and obesity later in life. The current study tests whether hair cortisol-a measure of chronic stress-and its metabolite cortisone mediate the relation between abuse and neglect on the one hand, and body mass index (BMI) on the other. Method: The sample consisted of 249 participants aged 8 to 87 years (M = 36.13, SD = 19.33). We collected data on child abuse and neglect using questionnaires, measured cortisol and cortisone concentrations in hair, and BMI. In a structural model, the effects of abuse and neglect on hair cortisol, hair cortisone, and BMI were tested, as well as the covariance between hair cortisol and BMI, and hair cortisone and BMI. Results: Within the sample, 23% were overweight but not obese and 14% were obese. Higher levels of experienced abuse were related to higher cortisone concentrations in hair (b = 0.24, p < .001) and higher BMI (b = 0.17, p =.04). Neglect was not related to hair cortisol, hair cortisone, or BMI. Hair cortisol and cortisone did not mediate the association between maltreatment, and BMI. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate the same pattern of results in a subsample of adult participants currently not living with their parents. However, in younger participants who were still living with their parents, the associations between abuse and cortisone (b = 0.14, p =.35) and abuse and BMI (b = 0.02, p =.92) were no longer significant. Conclusion: These findings confirm that experiencing abuse is related to higher BMI but suggest that hair cortisol and cortisone are not the mechanism underlying the association between child maltreatment and BMI. This is the first study to show abuse may be

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Relationship between child maltreatment and adolescent body mass index trajectories

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Sensitive Periods for the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and BMI

Sensitive Periods for the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and BMI

Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences Including Low Household Income and Peer Isolation With Obesity Among Japanese Adolescents: Results From A-CHILD Study

Not the Root of the Problem—Hair Cortisol and Cortisone Do Not Mediate the Effect of Child Maltreatment on Body Mass Index

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