Relationship Between Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Postoperative Pneumonia with Esophageal Cancer

Abstract

BackgroundWe retrospectively evaluated the relationship between cytokine gene polymorphisms and development of postoperative pneumonia after esophagectomy.MethodsIn 120 patients who underwent esophagectomy, serum samples were obtained to measure levels of serum interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 at four time points (preoperatively, postoperative day (POD)0, POD1, and POD3). DNA extracted from peripheral blood in all patients was analyzed to determine polymorphisms of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α -1031 T/C, IL-1β -511C/T, IL-6 -634C/G, and IL-10 -819 T/C.ResultsPostoperative pneumonia arose in 34 patients (28.3 %). Perioperative serum IL-10 levels were significantly higher for IL-10 -819 C/T + C/C genotypes than for T/T genotypes (POD0 16.7 ± 2.84 vs. 8.54 ± 0.87 pg/ml, p = 0.0002; POD1 14.0 ± 2.64 vs. 8.8 ± 0.87 pg/ml, p = 0.0143; POD3 8.9 ± 2.67 vs. 4.4 ± 0.52 pg/ml, p = 0.0076). The frequency of the IL-10 -819 T/T genotype was significantly higher in patients with postoperative pneumonia than in patients without pneumonia (p = 0.0323). Multivariate analysis of factors such as sex, smoking, length of operation, field of lymph node dissection, and IL-10 polymorphism identified IL-10 polymorphism as independent predictor of postoperative pneumonia.ConclusionsPatients with IL-10 -819 T/T genotype may be at high risk for postoperative pneumonia after esophagectomy.

The triune of intestinal microbiome, genetics and inflammatory status and its impact on the healing of lower gastrointestinal anastomoses

“…Given similar difficulties described above with establishing cause‐and‐effect in PUFAs and cancer, it is likely that subtle genetic differences in these pathways also underlie susceptibility to ALs. Some progress has been made to identify genetic differences in postoperative complications such as pneumonia, once thought to be mainly due to a mechanical effect of reduced inspiratory depth following a laparotomy, but where an IL‐10 polymorphism has been shown to be an independent risk factor . Various cytokine polymorphisms have also been implicated as risk factors in the development of severe sepsis , but strong links specifically to ALs is still in its infancy.…”

Transition of serum cytokines following pancreaticoduodenectomy: A subsidiary study of JAPAN‑PD

“…Furthermore, the relationship between gene polymorphisms of proinflammatory cytokines and their serum levels and short-term operative results have been demonstrated in the field of esophagectomy (17). Unfortunately, these two potential differences in clinical background were not addressed in the present study.…”

Current treatment options for esophageal diseases

“…Newly detected risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia are interleukin-10 genotype polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency. 99,100 Both of these factors act through inflammatory processes, confirming the important role of the systemic inflammatory response in the development of these complications. 101 An important milestone is the new system for defining and recording perioperative complications associated with esophagectomy, which may provide an infrastructure for a standardized data evaluation and facilitate future studies aiming to find predictors of peri-and postoperative mortality and morbidity.…”

“…The incidence of major pulmonary complications was 77% in patients with the highest risk score, while, in patients with the lowest risk score, major pulmonary complications did not occur. Newly detected risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia are interleukin‐10 genotype polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency . Both of these factors act through inflammatory processes, confirming the important role of the systemic inflammatory response in the development of these complications .…”