Relationship between depression and apolipoproteins A and B: a case–control study

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relation between major depressive disorder and metabolic risk factors of coronary heart disease.INTRODUCTION:Little evidence is available indicating a relationship between major depressive disorder and metabolic risk factors of coronary heart disease such as lipoprotein and apolipoprotein.METHODS:This case–control study included 153 patients with major depressive disorder who fulfilled the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM‐IV), and 147 healthy individuals. All participants completed a demographic questionnaire and Hamilton rating scale for depression. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded. Blood samples were taken and total cholesterol, high‐ and low‐density lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A and B were measured. To analyze the data, t‐test, χ2 test, Pearson correlation test and linear regression were applied.RESULTS:Depression was a negative predictor of apolipoprotein A (β = −0.328, p<0.01) and positive predictor of apolipoprotein B (β = 0.290, p<0.05). Apolipoprotein A was inversely predicted by total cholesterol (β = −0.269, p<0.05) and positively predicted by high‐density lipoprotein (β = 0.401, p<0.01). Also, low‐density lipoprotein was a predictor of apolipoprotein B (β = 0.340, p<0.01). The severity of depression was correlated with the increment in serum apolipoprotein B levels and the decrement in serum apolipoprotein A level.CONCLUSION:In view of the relationship between apolipoproteins A and B and depression, it would seem that screening of these metabolic risk factors besides psychological interventions is necessary in depressed patients.

Comparative proteomic analysis of plasma from major depressive patients: identification of proteins associated with lipid metabolism and immunoregulation

“…An elevated plasma Apo-B level has been proposed to be a predictor of cardio-cerebrovascular events (Benn, 2009 ;Benn et al 2006 ;Sabino et al 2008 ;Walldius & Jungner, 2005 ;Walldius et al 2006). The finding of elevated plasma Apo-B levels in depressed patients is in accordance with previous studies (Sadeghi et al 2011 ;Sarandol et al 2006). However, it has also been reported that there is no significant difference in Apo-B levels between healthy controls and adults with elevated depressive symptoms (Lehto et al 2010).…”

Molecular serum signature of treatment resistant depression

“…SRM analysis revealed three apolipoproteins being changed in the TRM group comparison. A possible role of apolipoprotein changes during treatment of MDD has been suggested by previous studies (Sadeghi et al 2011;Hummel et al 2011).…”

The Role of Lipid Biomarkers in Major Depression

“…Interestingly, lack of remission from depressive symptoms is also associated with low levels of both total serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol [37,38]. In addition to the observed association with differing HDL and LDL levels, the levels of constituent apolipoproteins have been associated with MDD [39]. A case-control study revealed that depressed patients had higher circulating levels of LDL and its apolipoprotein B (apoB, constituent of LDL), alongside lower levels of HDL and apolipoprotein A (apoA, constituent of HDL) when compared to healthy controls.…”