Relationship between early intestinal colonization, mucosal immunoglobulin A production and systemic immune development

Martino, David; Currie, Helen; Taylor, Angie; Conway, Patricia L.; Prescott, Susan L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02856.x

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The diversity of the neonatal microflora is influenced by many antenatal and postnatal factors, including maternal vaginal and gastrointestinal flora, mode of delivery, GA, nutritional source (parenteral feeding, human milk, formula), and antibiotic exposure [15,16,17]. The establishment of intestinal microbiota provides a source of microbial stimulation that drives postnatal maturation of the immune system and promotes development of adaptive immunity [18,19,20]. Antibiotic exposure at birth is thought to alter this normal immune maturation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Use in Newborns with Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

et al. 2013

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Background: Initiation of empiric antibiotic treatment for possible early-onset sepsis is recommended for late preterm and term neonates with respiratory distress. There is no evidence base to this approach. Objectives: To determine the incidence of adverse infectious events in neonates with transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) managed with a risk-factor-based restrictive antibiotic use policy. Methods: This is a single institution retrospective cohort study of neonates with primary diagnosis of TTN between 2004 and 2010. The relationship between antibiotic exposure and infectious outcomes during the neonatal hospitalization was evaluated. An infectious outcome was defined as pneumonia, bacteremia, clinical sepsis, or death. Analysis included t test, χ² test, and analysis of variance as appropriate. Results: 745 neonates with TTN met inclusion criteria. None of the 494 antibiotic-naive infants, and 212 of the 251 antibiotic-exposed infants had identifiable risk factors for sepsis. No infectious outcomes occurred in infants who did not receive antibiotics. Eight neonates with TTN received full antibiotic treatment for early-onset sepsis. Each was appropriately identified for early receipt of antibiotics based on historical or clinical risk factors for early-onset sepsis. Conclusions: This study suggests that empiric postnatal antibiotic treatment may not be warranted for late preterm and term infants with TTN in the absence of specific infectious risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Use in Newborns with Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

et al. 2013

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“…Recently, studies have shown that bifidobacteria can be used as an immune response moderator [11][12][13][14][15] and these studies have been focused on its anti-tumor activity [16][17][18][19][20][21]. But there has been no report on its anti-tumor effect when used as a vaccine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory activity of Bifidobacterium adolescent combined with cisplatin on melanoma in mice and its mechanism

Huang

Liu

et al. 2008

Front. Med. China

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The aim of this study is to explore inhibitory activity of Bifidobacterium adolescent combined with cisplatin on the growth of melanoma (B16) in mice and the underlying mechanism. C57 mice were inoculated with B16 cancer cells to construct mouse model of melanoma and treated with bifidobacterium adolescent combined with cisplatin. Ratios of inhibitory activity on the growth of melanoma (B16) were calculated. Pathology changes of the tumor were observed by HE staining. B16 cell cycles were examined on a flow cytometer. Lymphocyte proliferation was measured with MTT assay and the T-cell subset was measured by double marked fluorescence. When bifidobacterium of 10 10 cfu/L was injected, the ratio of inhibitory activity on the growth of melanoma (B16) reached 54%, which was similar to that of cisplatin group. The ratio of inhibitory activity reached 74.45% when the mice were treated by bifidobacterium combined with cisplatin. HE staining shows that bifidobacterium inhibited B16 cell proliferation and enhanced the cisplatiǹ s killing activity on B16 cells. The results of flow cytometry demonstrated that B16 cell proliferation was arrested at G 1 stage after treatment with bifidobacterium. The B16 cell proliferation was arrested at S stage after treatment with cisplatin. The CD4+ percentage increased and the difference was significant compared with the normal group after treatment with bifidobacterium, indicating that T-cell immune activity was enhanced. Treatment with bifidobacterium combined with cisplatin can enhance the inhibitory activity on the growth of melanoma (B16) of cisplatin. The mechanism of the inhibitory activity on B16 cell proliferation is correlated with the enhanced immune activity in mice.

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“…The influences are primarily driven by changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota associated with feeding and early childhood infections and immunizations. However, supplementation with Lactobacillus acidophilus from birth did not influence the pattern of development of salivary IgA, despite different colonization patterns, compared to a placebo group (Martino et al, 2008), with both groups also having similar allergic sensitization patterns.…”

Section: Nutrition and Dietmentioning

confidence: 91%