Relationship between Fat Mass Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Leptin in Preterm Infants between Term Age and 6 Months' Corrected Age

Poelje, M.W. van; Lagemaat, Monique van de; Lafeber, Harrie N.; Weissenbruch, Mirjam M. van; Rotteveel, Joost

doi:10.1159/000369393

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is supported by van Poelje et al (21) who identified that weight z -scores gain from term to 6 months CA resulted in higher fat mass and higher leptin concentrations at 6 months CA, indicating that leptin is a marker of body fat mass during the first 6 months after term. Bozzola et al (17) identified higher leptin concentrations in AGA versus SGA term born infants at birth and comparable levels at 1st, 6th and 12th month of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Enhanced nutrition improves growth and increases blood adiponectin concentrations in very low birth weight infants

Blakstad

Moltu

Nakstad

et al. 2016

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundAdequate nutrient supply is essential for optimal postnatal growth in very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight<1,500 g) infants. Early growth may influence the risk of metabolic syndrome later in life.ObjectiveTo evaluate growth and blood metabolic markers (adiponectin, leptin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)) in VLBW infants participating in a randomized nutritional intervention study.DesignFifty VLBW infants were randomized to an enhanced nutrient supply or a standard nutrient supply. Thirty-seven infants were evaluated with growth measurements until 2 years corrected age (CA). Metabolic markers were measured at birth and 5 months CA.ResultsWeight gain and head growth were different in the two groups from birth to 2 years CA (weight gain: pinteraction=0.006; head growth: pinteraction=0.002). The intervention group improved their growth z-scores after birth, whereas the control group had a pronounced decline, followed by an increase and caught up with the intervention group after discharge. At 5 months CA, adiponectin concentrations were higher in the intervention group and correlated with weight gain before term (r=0.35) and nutrient supply (0.35≤r≤0.45). Leptin concentrations correlated with weight gain after term and IGF-1 concentrations with length growth before and after term and head growth after term (0.36≤r≤0.53).ConclusionEnhanced nutrient supply improved early postnatal growth and may have prevented rapid catch-up growth later in infancy. Adiponectin concentration at 5 months CA was higher in the intervention group and correlated positively with early weight gain and nutrient supply. Early nutrition and growth may affect metabolic markers in infancy.Clinical Trial Registration (ClinicalTrials.gov) no.: NCT01103219

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…In term infants, leptin levels correlate positively with birth weight, gain in fat mass, and body mass index (BMI) (17, 21). Leptin levels increase after birth until 6 months, but showed a trend to return to birth levels by 1 year of age (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced nutrition improves growth and increases blood adiponectin concentrations in very low birth weight infants

Blakstad

Moltu

Nakstad

et al. 2016

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…In term‐born children at school age, leptin has also been positively associated with FM index (ie FM adjusted for height) . We showed that this association was also present in preterm‐born children at term age and 6‐month corrected age (CA, ie calculated from term age) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Decreased levels of IGF‐1 in early postnatal life have been associated with neonatal morbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity, as well as with impaired growth, adverse neurodevelopment and unfavourable body composition . We previously showed that leptin was associated with FM and weight gain between term age and 6‐month CA, and that IGF‐1, together with insulin, was suggested to be involved in the regulation of growth during infancy…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin and IGF‐1 in relation to body composition and bone mineralization of preterm‐born children from infancy to 8 years

Ruys

Lagemaat

Lafeber

et al. 2018

Clinical Endocrinology

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Funding informationThe original randomized controlled trial was supported by an unrestricted research grant from Friesland Campina, Amersfoort, the Netherlands. Friesland Campina also provided the formulas. CR was supported by an unrestricted research grant, provided by Hero Benelux, Breda, the Netherlands. Neither Friesland Campina nor Hero Benelux had a role in the design and execution of the studies, or in the analysis and interpretation of the results. SummaryObjective: Preterm birth has been associated with altered body composition, especially increased fat mass (FM) and decreased bone mineralization, and leptin and IGF-1 have been suggested to be involved in the regulation of both. We aimed to study the interplay between leptin, IGF-1, FM and bone mineralization measured in infancy and childhood of children born preterm. Design: Observational study.Patients/subjects: Seventy-nine (40 boys) preterm-born children (gestational age ≤32 weeks and/or birth weight ≤1500 g) aged 8 years.Measurements: Serum leptin and IGF-1 were measured at term age, at 3-and 6-month corrected age (CA), and 8 years. Body composition (fat and lean mass) and bone parameters (bone area, mineral content and density) were measured by Dualenergy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) at term age, 6-month CA and 8 years.Results: Leptin was positively associated with FM at all time points and with bone parameters at term age and 6-month CA. IGF-1 was associated with body composition and bone density at most of the time points. Explained variation in bone mineralization increased significantly by adding bone area (BA) and height to the models. Conclusions:During infancy and childhood, leptin and IGF-1 were associated with body composition in preterm-born children. In addition, leptin was associated with bone parameters in early infancy, but not in childhood. It is hypothesized that a complicated interplay between multiple pathways, which most likely changes over time, is involved in regulation of body composition and bone mineralization of pretermborn infants. K E Y W O R D Sbone mineralization, fat mass, follow-up, IGF-1, leptin, preterm infants

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“…Like adiponectin, lower leptin levels were detected in premature infants at birth, with greater decreases in relation to lower GA [46]. However, this correlation may become inverted when levels are analyzed at later ages, probably influenced by the growth pattern and an increase in BMI [53] and the amount of fat mass [54]. In line with these statements, some studies demonstrated that a rapid weight catch-up in early infancy, often detected in premature and SGA children, may affect both, the degree of adiposity and the IR, as well as leptin concentrations [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

et al. 2020

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Adipose tissue programming could be developed in very preterm infants with extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR), with an adverse impact on long-term metabolic status, as was studied in intrauterine growth restriction patterns. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the difference in levels of plasma adipokines in children with a history of EUGR. A total of 211 school age prepubertal children were examined: 38 with a history of prematurity and EUGR (EUGR), 50 with a history of prematurity with adequate growth (PREM), and 123 healthy children born at term. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, metabolic markers and adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin) were measured. Children with a history of EUGR showed lower values of adiponectin (μg/mL) compared with the other two groups: (EUGR: 10.6 vs. PREM: 17.7, p < 0.001; vs. CONTROL: 25.7, p = 0.004) and higher levels of resistin (ng/mL) (EUGR: 19.2 vs. PREM: 16.3, p =0.007; vs. CONTROL: 7.1, p < 0.001. The PREM group showed the highest values of leptin (ng/mL), compared with the others: PREM: 4.9 vs. EUGR: 2.1, p = 0.048; vs. CONTROL: 3.2, p = 0.029). In conclusion, EUGR in premature children could lead to a distinctive adipokines profile, likely associated with an early programming of the adipose tissue, and likely to increase the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life.

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Relationship between Fat Mass Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Leptin in Preterm Infants between Term Age and 6 Months' Corrected Age

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Enhanced nutrition improves growth and increases blood adiponectin concentrations in very low birth weight infants

Enhanced nutrition improves growth and increases blood adiponectin concentrations in very low birth weight infants

Leptin and IGF‐1 in relation to body composition and bone mineralization of preterm‐born children from infancy to 8 years

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

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