Relationship between fitness and blood fluidity

Ernst, Edwin C.; Mátrai, Ádám Attila; Aschenbrenner, E.; Will, Valerie; Schmidlechner, Ch.

doi:10.3233/ch-1985-5513

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Any changes in RBC rheological properties during exercise may affect blood viscosity (Baskurt and Meiselman, 2003), which in turn may impact blood flow and exercise performance (Connes et al, 2013b; Waltz et al, 2015). Several investigators have reported significant correlations between blood fluidity and indices of physical fitness in sportsmen, such as time of endurance until exhaustion, aerobic working capacity at 170 W (W170), and maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max ) (Ernst et al, 1985; Brun et al, 1986, 1989, 1995).…”

Section: Exercise and Blood Rheology In Healthy Individuals And Indivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Rheology: Key Parameters, Impact on Blood Flow, Role in Sickle Cell Disease and Effects of Exercise

et al. 2019

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Blood viscosity is an important determinant of local flow characteristics, which exhibits shear thinning behavior: it decreases exponentially with increasing shear rates. Both hematocrit and plasma viscosity influence blood viscosity. The shear thinning property of blood is mainly attributed to red blood cell (RBC) rheological properties. RBC aggregation occurs at low shear rates, and increases blood viscosity and depends on both cellular (RBC aggregability) and plasma factors. Blood flow in the microcirculation is highly dependent on the ability of RBC to deform, but RBC deformability also affects blood flow in the macrocirculation since a loss of deformability causes a rise in blood viscosity. Indeed, any changes in one or several of these parameters may affect blood viscosity differently. Poiseuille’s Law predicts that any increase in blood viscosity should cause a rise in vascular resistance. However, blood viscosity, through its effects on wall shear stress, is a key modulator of nitric oxide (NO) production by the endothelial NO-synthase. Indeed, any increase in blood viscosity should promote vasodilation. This is the case in healthy individuals when vascular function is intact and able to adapt to blood rheological strains. However, in sickle cell disease (SCD) vascular function is impaired. In this context, any increase in blood viscosity can promote vaso-occlusive like events. We previously showed that sickle cell patients with high blood viscosity usually have more frequent vaso-occlusive crises than those with low blood viscosity. However, while the deformability of RBC decreases during acute vaso-occlusive events in SCD, patients with the highest RBC deformability at steady-state have a higher risk of developing frequent painful vaso-occlusive crises. This paradox seems to be due to the fact that in SCD RBC with the highest deformability are also the most adherent, which would trigger vaso-occlusion. While acute, intense exercise may increase blood viscosity in healthy individuals, recent works conducted in sickle cell patients have shown that light cycling exercise did not cause dramatic changes in blood rheology. Moreover, regular physical exercise has been shown to decrease blood viscosity in sickle cell mice, which could be beneficial for adequate blood flow and tissue perfusion.

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Section: Exercise and Blood Rheology In Healthy Individuals And Indivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Rheology: Key Parameters, Impact on Blood Flow, Role in Sickle Cell Disease and Effects of Exercise

et al. 2019

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“…54 In the early phases of training, this is mainly due to plasma volume expansion without a concomitant increase in red blood cell mass. 54,81,82 Further, inverse associations have been reported between both physical work capacity 83 and habitual physical activity, 84 and hematocrit and blood and plasma viscosity. Although not all studies have demonstrated any difference in hemorheologic properties between trained and untrained individuals, 79 it has been suggested that endurance training probably is associated with a reduction in blood viscosity.…”

Section: Vessel Wallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular Physical Activity and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism

Evensen

Brækkan

Hansen

2018

Semin Thromb Hemost

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Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complex multifactorial disease that represents a growing public health concern. Identification of modifiable risk factors at the population level may provide a measure to reduce the burden of VTE. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the role of physical activity on the risk of VTE and VTE-related complications.We also discuss methodological challenges related to research on physical activity, and put forward plausible mechanisms for an association between physical activity and VTE. Up to now, published studies have reported diverging results on the relationship between physical activity and VTE, and a complex picture has emerged. However, the available evidence appears to be balanced towards a small beneficial effect of physical activity on the risk of incident VTE, but not in a dose-dependent manner. Still, the lack of an operational definition and standardized assessment method for physical activity as well as several sources of bias, impair the interpretation of the available literature. Additional work is necessary to understand the role and how to apply physical activity in the VTE-setting. Future research should utilize objective assessment strategies of physical activity and physical fitness, account for the fluctuating nature in habitual activity levels, and explore the role of physical activity in the areas of secondary prevention and VTE-related complications.

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