Relationship between heart rate variability and body mass index: A cross-sectional study of preschool children

Speer, Kathryn E.; Koenig, Julian; Telford, Rohan M.; Olive, Lisa; Mara, Jocelyn K; Semple, Stuart; Naumovski, Nenad; McKune, Andrew J.

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101638

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This phenomenon is well-known ( 82 ) and not likely to be related to a difference in reaction to the experimental setting or treatment. We also observed an effect of BMI and age on most of investigated variables that has already been documented elsewhere ( 83 , 84 ). Interestingly, adding these covariates to our models impacted the significance of treatment main effect for lnHF, again pointing toward the close connection between parasympathetic regulation and somatic variables ( 85 , 86 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Autonomic changes as reaction to experimental social stress in an inpatient psychosomatic cohort

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesPatients with psychosomatic disorders suffer from social isolation that might further lead to destabilization and exacerbation of bodily symptoms via autonomic pathways. We aimed to investigate the influence of controlled social stress (model of social ostracism) on the autonomic nerve system (ANS) in an inpatient cohort with psychosomatic disorders.MethodsWe examined heart rate variability (HRV), skin conductance (SC) and skin temperature (ST) as well as ECG-derived respiration rate (EDR) and subjective reports on stress during exposure to experimental social stress (cyberball game). Data were collected from 123 participants (f:m = 88:35, 42.01 ± 13.54 years) on admission and upon discharge from the university psychosomatic clinic. All data were recorded during baseline, inclusion and exclusion phases of the cyberball game as well as during the recovery phase.ResultsWe found significant changes between admission and discharge with a decline in parasympathetic-related HRV parameters (SDRR −3.20 ± 1.30 ms, p = 0.026; RMSSD: −3.77 ± 1.28 ms, p = 0.007) as well as a decrease in SC (−0.04 ± 0.17 μS, p = 0.019) and EDR (−0.01 ± 0.01 Hz, p = 0.007), suggesting a drop in sympathetic tonus, with no changes in ST (p = 0.089) and subjective stress levels (p = 0.322). HRV parameters decreased during the cyberball game (SDRR p = 0.026; RMSSD p = 0.002; lnHF p < 0.001). In contrast, both SC (p < 0.001) and EDR (p < 0.001) increased during the game with SC being slightly lower during the exclusion phase. This can point toward a stimulation of sympathetic nervous system during game participation, which was concordant with the rise in subjective stress values (p < 0.001). ST showed a continuous, unspecific rise over time (p < 0.001).ConclusionOur data demonstrate the decrease of ANS parameters during experimental social stress when data upon discharge were compared to those upon admission. These results are partially contradictory to previous studies that showed a rise in HRV in a psychiatric cohort over the course of (outpatient) treatment. Further research is required to help attributing these differences to effects of treatment or acute states relating to admission to or discharge from a psychosomatic department.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Autonomic changes as reaction to experimental social stress in an inpatient psychosomatic cohort

et al. 2022

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“…We observed and analysed the impact of the body composition parameter (BF percentage) on fatigue recovery. The relationship of HRV with body composition parameter (BMI) was considered in 21 ; however, in this study, weight was a key factor instead of BF percentage, and they did not investigate any regression of recovery after exercise. Body composition, including obesity, is also an HRV marker for children with disturbances in body weight 22 ; however, how HRV recovery is associated with body weight has not been examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Noncontact assessment for fatigue based on heart rate variability using IR-UWB radar

Ahmed

Lee

Lim

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Physical fatigue can be assessed using heart rate variability (HRV). We measured HRV at rest and in a fatigued state using impulse-radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) radar in a noncontact fashion and compared the measurements with those obtained using electrocardiography (ECG) to assess the reliability and validity of the radar measurements. HRV was measured in 15 subjects using radar and ECG simultaneously before (rest for 10 min before exercise) and after a 20-min exercise session (fatigue level 1 for 0–9 min; fatigue level 2 for 10–19 min; recovery for ≥ 20 min after exercise). HRV was analysed in the frequency domain, including the low-frequency component (LF), high-frequency component (HF) and LF/HF ratio. The LF/HF ratio measured using radar highly agreed with that measured using ECG during rest (ICC = 0.807), fatigue-1 (ICC = 0.712), fatigue-2 (ICC = 0.741) and recovery (ICC = 0.764) in analyses using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The change pattern in the LH/HF ratios during the experiment was similar between radar and ECG. The subject’s body fat percentage was linearly associated with the time to recovery from physical fatigue (R2 = 0.96, p < 0.001). Our results demonstrated that fatigue and rest states can be distinguished accurately based on HRV measurements using IR-UWB radar in a noncontact fashion.

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“…These differences indicate activation of parasympathetic system, which leads to stress reduction and a relaxed state. HRV and HR are associated with lifestyle behaviors and disease diagnosis, such as aerobic exercise, sleep, drug use, smoking and alcohol drinking, as well as diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia and disorders of the nervous system [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. The results of the present study showed an impact on lifestyle behavior and a reduction in perceived stress which, agree with the above-presented literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Pythagorean Self-Awareness on Heart Rate Variability, Perceived Stress and Behavior of Preschool Children

et al. 2022

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Stress is associated with unhealthy habits and non-communicable diseases. It is also linked to communicable diseases due to its impact on immune function. These can be prevented through intervention programs in schools. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the simplified Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, perceived stress and behaviors of preschool children. The sample of the study consisted of 45 preschool students. A “one group (double) pretest—posttest design” was used, to allow for comparisons of the measurements before and after the intervention. Students were assessed via two questionnaires (“Perceived Stress Scale for Children” (PSS-C) and “Checklist for Screening Behavioral Problems in Preschool Children”) and a photoplethysmographic (PPG) device. The intervention lasted 9 weeks and included practicing of the Pythagorean Self-awareness techniques and the adoption of healthy behaviors. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the two pretests (p > 0.05 for all comparisons) and statistically significant differences between the second pretest and posttest (“Perceived Stress Scale for Children”, (PSS-C) p < 0.0001, “Checklist for Screening Behavioral Problems in Preschool Children” p < 0.0001 and two indices of PPG device: heart rate mean, p < 0.0001, low frequency/very low frequency, p = 0.034). In conclusion, the Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention had a beneficial effect on the sample of preschool students examined, as the results showed an improvement in the perceived stress and the HRV parameters tested, and in engaging healthier behaviors, findings that indicate a relaxed psychologic state and a healthier lifestyle.

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Relationship between heart rate variability and body mass index: A cross-sectional study of preschool children

Abstract: Highlights Heart rate variability and BMI are inversely related in preschool children. One unit increase in BMI resulted in a reduction in RMSSD(ln) of 0.06% Age, sex and physical activity levels did not influence this relationship.

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Autonomic changes as reaction to experimental social stress in an inpatient psychosomatic cohort

Autonomic changes as reaction to experimental social stress in an inpatient psychosomatic cohort

Noncontact assessment for fatigue based on heart rate variability using IR-UWB radar

The Effect of Pythagorean Self-Awareness on Heart Rate Variability, Perceived Stress and Behavior of Preschool Children

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