Relationship between Liver Mitochondrial Respiration and Proton Leak in Low and High RFI Steers from Two Lineages of RFI Angus Bulls

Acetoze, Gabriela; Weber, Kristina; Ramsey, Jon J.; Rossow, Heidi A

doi:10.1155/2015/194014

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, Lancaster et al (2014), using a protein assay conducted with hepatic bovine tissue have shown that, compared with feed efficient steers, ADP-control of oxidative phosphorylation is lower in their energetically inefficient counterparts. Studies investigating bovine hepatic mitochondrial function using cattle phenotypically divergent for RFI (Lancaster et al, 2014) and steer progeny of sires divergent for RFI (Acetoze et al, 2015) found that while RFI status did not affect state 2, 3 or 4 respiration rates or indices of proton leakage rates, acceptor control ratio (indicator of respiratory rate within the mitochondrion) was greater (Lancaster et al, 2014) in low-RFI cattle. In addition, greater mitochondria complex I was found in lymphocytes of low-compared with high-RFI steers suggesting greater production of ATP in feed efficient cattle (Ramos and Kerley, 2013).…”

Section: Mitochondrial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Improving feed efficiency of beef cattle – the current state of the art and future challenges

Kenny

Fitzsimons

Waters

et al. 2018

Animal

174

135

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Improvements in feed efficiency of beef cattle have the potential to increase producer profitability and simultaneously lower the environmental footprint of beef production. Although there are many different approaches to measuring feed efficiency, residual feed intake (RFI) has increasingly become the measure of choice. Defined as the difference between an animal's actual and predicted feed intake (based on weight and growth), RFI is conceptually independent of growth and body size. In addition, other measurable traits related to energy expenditure such as estimates of body composition can be included in the calculation of RFI to also force independence from these traits. Feed efficiency is a multifactorial and complex trait in beef cattle and inter-animal variation stems from the interaction of many biological processes influenced, in turn, by physiological status and management regimen. Thus, the purpose of this review was to summarise and interpret current published knowledge and provide insight into research areas worthy of further investigation. Indeed, where sufficient suitable reports exist, meta-analyses were conducted in order to mitigate ambiguity between studies in particular. We have identified a paucity of information on the contribution of key biological processes, including appetite regulation, post-ruminal nutrient absorption, and cellular energetics and metabolism to the efficiency of feed utilisation in cattle. In addition, insufficient information exists on the relationship between RFI status and productivity-related traits at pasture, a concept critical to the overall lifecycle of beef production systems. Overall, published data on the effect of RFI status on both terminal and maternal traits, coupled with the moderate repeatability and heritability of the trait, suggest that breeding for improved RFI, as part of a multi-trait selection index, is both possible and cumulative, with benefits evident throughout the production cycle. Although the advent of genomic selection, with associated improved prediction accuracy, will expedite the introgression of elite genetics for feed efficiency within beef cattle populations, there are challenges associated with this approach which may, in the long-term, be overcome by increased international collaborative effort but, in the short term, will not obviate the on-going requirement for accurate measurement of the primary phenotype.

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Section: Mitochondrial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Improving feed efficiency of beef cattle – the current state of the art and future challenges

Kenny

Fitzsimons

Waters

et al. 2018

Animal

174

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, complex V activity may be more related to increased nutrient processing due to increased feed intake as calves near weaning (i.e., not directly associated with a greater potential for growth as no differences between calves with high and low relative gain were observed; Table 4). Studies in beef cattle exploring oxygen consumption associated with proton-dependent and proton-independent respiration (proton leak) have demonstrated that RFI is generally not correlated with mitochondrial proton leak (Lancaster et al, 2014;Acetoze et al, 2015). Because proton leak results from a uncoupling of complexes I and IV from complex V, it follows that complex I activity reflects potential for growth and complex V reflects nutrient processing associated with feed intake to fulfill a need for ATP as calves age.…”

Section: Complex V Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of relative gain and age on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial enzyme activity in preweaned Holstein and Jersey calves

Niesen

Rossow

2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Mitochondria are central to metabolism, nutrition, and health, but many factors can influence their efficiency. The objectives of this study were to determine if the mitochondrial enzyme activities of citrate synthase, complex I, complex IV, and complex V from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Holstein and Jersey dairy calves were affected by age or relative gain as a percent of initial weight. Twenty-three Holstein and 23 Jersey heifer calves were enrolled between 3 and 6 d of age and whole blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture at 1, 2, and 8 wk of age. Crude mitochondrial extracts were obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction at each time point and subsequently assayed for enzymatic activity. Age-dependent changes in activity were observed in complex V for both breeds. In Jersey calves complex IV and citrate synthase activity differed with age. Complex I activity was greater for high relative gain Jerseys and tended to be greater for high relative gain Holstein calves. Holstein calves had greater incidence of scours compared with Jersey calves, and in both breeds scouring calves exhibited greater complex V activity compared with those without scours. These data suggest that age and immune challenge in the form of scours affect mitochondrial complex V activity. Additionally, complex I activity may serve as a marker for calf growth potential because it was influenced by relative gain and not age.

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“…Unlike Zn supplementation increasing FI in CC broilers, Cu and Zn supplementation did not appear to overcome effects of CC with increasing proton leak. An increase in proton leak has previously been linked with increasing FI in beef steers (Acetoze et al., ), and Bottje et al. () did not find a difference in mitochondrial oxygen consumption or RCR in livers from broilers with high and low feed efficiency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Liver mitochondrial oxygen consumption and proton leak kinetics in broilers supplemented with dietary copper or zinc following coccidiosis challenge

Acetoze

Kurzbard

Klasing

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Mitochondrial respiration was assessed in sixteen 7-day-old broilers as a subset of a larger study assessing the effects of Cu and Zn supplementation above requirements with a coccidiosis challenge on gain/feed ratio. The birds were selected from four treatments (four birds/treatment): a control diet (Cu 15 mg/kg and Zn 60 mg/kg) + coccidiosis challenge (CC), a Cu diet with 245 mg/kg Cu from tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) + CC, a negative control diet (Cu 15 mg/kg and Zn 60 mg/kg) - CC and a Zn diet with 2000 mg/kg Zn from ZnO. The diets were composed of 49% corn, 40% soybean meal, 6.2% vegetable oil (diet dry matter = 90.62%, crude protein = 21.37%, fat = 7.7%, metabolizable energy = 12.1 MJ/day) and were fed for 14 days. Birds were dissected, and approximately one gram of liver tissue was used for mitochondrial oxygen consumption and proton leak kinetics assays. Respiratory control ratio and mitochondrial proton leak assessed by calculating rates of oxygen consumption at 175mV membrane potential were greater for the negative control group, but there were no differences in average gain/feed among treatments. In summary, broilers that did not undergo coccidiosis challenge had lower proton leak and higher respiratory control ratio. However, the impact of supplementation of Cu and Zn above requirements did not appear to prevent changes in respiratory control ratio and proton leak kinetics with coccidiosis challenge.

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Relationship between Liver Mitochondrial Respiration and Proton Leak in Low and High RFI Steers from Two Lineages of RFI Angus Bulls

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Invited review: Improving feed efficiency of beef cattle – the current state of the art and future challenges

Invited review: Improving feed efficiency of beef cattle – the current state of the art and future challenges

The effects of relative gain and age on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial enzyme activity in preweaned Holstein and Jersey calves

Liver mitochondrial oxygen consumption and proton leak kinetics in broilers supplemented with dietary copper or zinc following coccidiosis challenge

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