Relationship between muscle tone changes, sawtooth waves and rapid eye movements during sleep

Satô, Susumu; McCutchen, Charlotte B.; Graham, Bonnie A.; Freeman, Amanda; Albertini-Carletti, Irene von; Alling, David W.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4694(97)00072-2

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The presence of a notch, usually on the positive-to-negative slope, is occasionally mentioned [38,47]. Sawtooth waves tend to occur in bursts [35,48], herald the beginning of REM-sleep [35] and often, but not necessarily accompany bursts of rapid EMs [32,33,35,37]. The characteristics of fronto-central waves described herein are consistent with these observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Source modeling of the signal corresponding to the maximum negative peak revealed the greatest overlap between subjects (>10) in a medial frontal area comprising the mid-cingulate gyrus, the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the medial part of the primary motor (M1) cortex ( Figure 4C). Sawtooth waves displayed a clear density increase before rapid EM and during phasic REM periods ( Figure 4D), in line with previous observations in both human subjects and primates [32][33][34][35][36][37]. A direct positive correlation between the number of sawtooth waves preceding the EMs and the number of associated EMs was also observed ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Faster Fronto-central Waves ('Sawtooth Waves')supporting

confidence: 90%

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Regional low-frequency oscillations in human rapid-eye movement sleep

Bernardi

Betta

Ricciardi

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Although the EEG slow wave of sleep is typically considered to be a hallmark of Non Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep, recent work in mice has shown that slow waves can also occur in REM sleep. Here we investigated the presence and cortical distribution of low-frequency (1-4 Hz) oscillations in human REM sleep by analyzing high-density EEG sleep recordings obtained in 28 healthy subjects. We identified two clusters of low-frequency oscillations with distinctive properties: 1) a fronto-central cluster characterized by ~2.5-3.0 Hz, relatively large, notched delta waves (so-called 'sawtooth waves') that tended to occur in bursts, were associated with increased gamma activity and rapid eye movements, and upon source modeling, displayed an occipitotemporal and a fronto-central component; and 2) a medial occipital cluster characterized by more isolated, slower (<2 Hz) and smaller waves that were not associated with rapid eye movements, displayed a negative correlation with gamma activity and were also found in NREM sleep. Thus, low-frequency oscillations are an integral part of REM sleep in humans, and the two identified subtypes (sawtooth and medial-occipital slow waves) may reflect distinct generation mechanisms and functional roles. Sawtooth waves, which are exclusive to REM sleep, share many characteristics with ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves described in animals and may represent the human equivalent or a closely related event while medio-occipital slow waves appear similar to NREM sleep slow waves.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Faster Fronto-central Waves ('Sawtooth Waves')supporting

confidence: 90%

Regional low-frequency oscillations in human rapid-eye movement sleep

Bernardi

Betta

Ricciardi

et al. 2018

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The present results suggest the same, insofar as sleep deprivation in association with haloperidol administration increased the total time and density of STW with a reduction of rapid eye movement density. Sato and co-workers (16) suggested that a predictable sequence of muscle tone reduction, followed by STW and then rapid eye movements precedes the generally accepted onset of REM sleep and may have implications for the determination of physiological REM sleep onset.…”

Section: Discussion Normal Pattern Of Sawtooth Waves and Its Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sawtooth waves during REM sleep after administration of haloperidol combined with total sleep deprivation in healthy young subjects

Pinto

Peres

Russo

et al. 2002

Braz J Med Biol Res

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We sought to examine the possible participation of dopaminergic receptors in the phasic events that occur during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, known as sawtooth waves (STW). These phasic phenomena of REM sleep exhibit a unique morphology and, although they represent a characteristic feature of REM sleep, little is known about the mechanisms which generate them and which are apparently different from rapid eye movements. STW behavior was studied in 10 male volunteers aged 20 to 35 years, who were submitted to polysomnographic monitoring (PSG). On the adaptation night they were submitted to the first PSG and on the second night, to the basal PSG. On the third night the volunteers received placebo or haloperidol and spent the whole night awake. On the fourth night they were submitted to the third PSG. After a 15-day rest period, the volunteers returned to the sleep laboratory and, according to a double-blind crossover randomized design, received haloperidol or placebo and spent the whole night awake, after which they were submitted to the fourth PSG. The volunteers who were given haloperidol combined with sleep deprivation exhibited an elevation of the duration and density of the STW, without significant alterations of the other REM sleep phasic phenomena such as rapid eye movement. These findings suggest that sawtooth waves must have their own generating mechanisms and that the dopaminergic receptors must exert a modulating role since REM sleep deprivation, as well as administration of neuroleptics, produces supersensitivity of dopaminergic receptors. Correspondence

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“…We also expect to draw more useful information from the EEG signal. For example, sawtooth waves can be considered as another characteristic waveform of REM sleep [11]- [12]. And at last, other biomedical signals, like heart rate variability [13] and body temperature [14], may also be introduced.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Sleep Staging by a Hybrid System Comprising Neural Network and Fuzzy Rule-based Reasoning

Tian

Liu

2005

2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference

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A hybrid system for automated EEG sleep staging is presented in this article. By combining a self-organizing feature map (SOFM) with a fuzzy reasoning-based classifier (FRBC) and utilizing both temporal and spectrum features of the EEG signal, the system provides a reliable tool for automatic EEG sleep staging. Conceptually, the system is divided into four passes: artifact detection, rough staging, stage refinement and post processing. The artifact detection module is firstly employed to exclude stage movement from other stages. Then, the SOFM with features as its inputs derived from the power spectrum divides sleep into three "extreme" stages: Wake, Light/REM and Deep stage. In stage refinement pass, the FRBC, which takes characteristic waveforms' activities as inputs, subdivides the extreme stages into the exact stages (i.e., stage 1, stage 2) defined by R&K standard. At last, in post processing pass, a stage-smoothing method that mainly utilizes the temporal context information is used to correct unexpected stage transitions, thus to improve the system's performance. The system was tested with eight whole night sleep records with an average man-machine agreement of 85.3%. Compared with the high inter-scorer disagreement, the performance is desirable.

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Relationship between muscle tone changes, sawtooth waves and rapid eye movements during sleep

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Regional low-frequency oscillations in human rapid-eye movement sleep

Regional low-frequency oscillations in human rapid-eye movement sleep

Sawtooth waves during REM sleep after administration of haloperidol combined with total sleep deprivation in healthy young subjects

Automated Sleep Staging by a Hybrid System Comprising Neural Network and Fuzzy Rule-based Reasoning

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