“…The trials had small sample sizes, and 2 trials were open-labelZheng et al. (2015) 92 | Systematic review and meta-analysis of 5 RCTs | Healthy pregnant women at high risk of GDM, including those who were obese and had a family history of T2DM or who had PCOS, all diagnosed with GDM and all without pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes | - Intervention: 2 g of myo-inositol + 200 µg of folic acid twice a day, or a daily dose of 4 g of myo-inositol + 400 µg of folic acid
- Control: 200 µg of folic acid twice a day, or a daily dose of 400 µg of folic acid + 1.5 g of metformin
| - Reduced risk of GDM (4 RCTs, n = 444) (RR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.19–0.44)
- Reduced fasting glucose (OGTT) (4 RCTs, n = 444) (mean difference = −0.36 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.21).
- Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, C-section, and
- GWG not included in the analysis
| - Reduced birth weight (3 RCTs, n = 353) (mean difference = −116.98 g; 95% CI: −208.87, −25.09)
- Reduced risk of neonatal hypoglycemia in 1 RCT, n = 73 (OR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.00–0.68).
- No significant differences observed for macrosomia, preterm birth, and shoulder dystocia
- LGA not reported in any study
- SGA not included in the analysis
| All RCTs included were open-label and conducted in Italy. One of the trials included is a retrospective case–control study and may have increased the likelihood of random assignments. |
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