Relationship between precorneal retention of viscous eye drops and tear fluid composition

Ludwig, Annick; Haeringen, N.J. van; Bodelier, V. M. W.; Ooteghem, M. Van

doi:10.1007/bf00917068

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown differences in residency time of various demulcents on the ocular surface but provided little information on the efficacy of these substances. [13,14] The data in the present study show that these compounds do in fact appear to protect the cornea from drying. It was not possible, however, to statistically distinguish among these five products for efficacy compared to one another.…”

Section: Ubels Aupperlee and Meadows 278mentioning

confidence: 78%

Artificial Tear Solutions and Protection of the Corneal Epithelium From Desiccation

Ubels

Aupperlee

Meadows

2002

Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

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Desiccation of the ocular surface in dry environments is one of the factors contributing to discomfort in dry eye patients. An in vivo desiccation model was used to test efficacy of artificial tear products for prevention of ocular surface damage during extended desiccating exposure. One drop of an artificial tear or a lens rewetting solution was placed on the eye of an anesthetized rabbit and the eye was held open with a speculum for 2 hr. Desiccated eyes were held open for 2 hr without application of a tear solution. Eyes were stained with 1% methylene blue in BSS. Naïve control eyes were stained with methylene blue without prior desiccation. The percentage of corneal area stained was scored and a 8-mm button of central cornea was extracted in acetone:saturated sodium sulfate (7:3). Absorbance of extracts was measured at 660 nm. Extract analysis showed that four of the five tear products tested offered complete protection from desiccation (not different from naïve control), while one solution, which was hypotonic, offered partial protection (uptake different from desiccated and naïve corneas). The lens 273

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Section: Ubels Aupperlee and Meadows 278mentioning

confidence: 78%

Artificial Tear Solutions and Protection of the Corneal Epithelium From Desiccation

Ubels

Aupperlee

Meadows

2002

Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

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“…An increase in concentration is accompanied by several side effects (cellular damage of corneal surface, possible toxic effects). The retention time can be improved by increasing the viscosity of the ocular solution (Ludwig et al, 1992), but these solutions induced a sticky feeling, troubled sight and increased blinking in human volunteers (Sintzel et al, 1996). Different methods to increase the penetration of the ocular drugs have been evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of thein vivobehaviour of gentamicin sulphate ocular mini‐tablets in ponies

Gasthuys

Pockelé

Vervaet

et al. 2007

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The in vivo behaviour of 5% gentamicin sulphate ocular mini-tablets (2-mm diameter, 6.525 mg weight) was compared with gentamicin eye drops in six ponies. Two mini-tablets were inserted on the bulbar conjunctiva of the right eye while a similar dose of gentamicin was administered via eye drops in the left eye. Irritation induced by the mini-tablets and the eye drops was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (0-10). Tears were sampled with ophthalmologic absorption triangles for 1 min for the determination of the concentration of gentamicin sulphate using a microbiological plate diffusion method. Irritation induced by the tablets was minor and clinically acceptable (overall median score of 1.7 +/- 1.4). Eye drops induced a sharp increase in gentamicin sulphate concentration (364.4 microg/mL after 5 min) followed by a fast decline (10.8 microg/mL after 60 min). The increase in concentration induced by the ocular mini-tablets was less pronounced (up to 56.2 microg/mL after 30 min) and followed by a gradual decrease; the concentration remained above 15 microg/mL for 8 h. Ocular 5% gentamicin sulphate mini-tablets are clinically well-tolerated in ponies, assuring a constant concentration in the tears for at least 8 h.

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“…Out of a few classifications of polymers, non-ionic have demonstrated the best mucoadhesive quality. [26,27] Release profile of HPMC 15cps grade is better compared to HPMC K100LV and HPMC K4M [ Figure 2]. …”

Section: Non-ionic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Verma¹

2018

IJGP

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Considering the compliance of patients and ease of administration, the oral cavity is profoundly chosen to deliver drugs. This article focuses on mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system providing sustained release of the drug. The drug of choice for buccal delivery is those which undergoes high first-pass metabolism or undergo acid degradation. This review article aims to focus on various aspects of buccal films, factors affecting mucoadhesion and its evaluating parameters. Different theories involved in mucoadhesion process and along with the polymers that are involved in developing different categories of films have been focused. Factors influencing the polymers involved flexibility, molecular weight, charge, etc., are also considered in this review. Most commonly used polymers in the development of mucoadhesive films are lectins, starch, pectins, and cellulose derivatives, etc. Several agents such as penetration enhancers and mucoadhesive agents are employed to develop an ideal film. These dosage forms are formulated using two processes, namely film casting method and hot-melt extrusion method. The developed films are evaluated based on multiple parameters such as surface pH, flatness, tensile strength, and peel strength. This review gives an overall view of different polymers that are used to develop the mucoadhesive films and compare their degree of mucoadhesion along with their parametric tests to evaluate the developed films.

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Relationship between precorneal retention of viscous eye drops and tear fluid composition

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Artificial Tear Solutions and Protection of the Corneal Epithelium From Desiccation

Artificial Tear Solutions and Protection of the Corneal Epithelium From Desiccation

Evaluation of thein vivobehaviour of gentamicin sulphate ocular mini‐tablets in ponies

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