Relationship between soil erosion, slope, parent material, and distance to road (Case study: Latian Watershed, Iran)

Mohammadkhan, Shirin; Hasan, Ahmadi; Jafari, Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s12517-010-0197-z

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is important to remark that several authors claimed that the loss of forestry areas is affecting the levels of carbon, ozone and biodiversity [58,59]. Moreover, the risk of floods and slides may also increase, as demonstrated other authors in other Iranian areas [60][61][62]. …”

Section: Land-use Scenario In Year 2050mentioning

confidence: 76%

Assessment of the Spatiotemporal Effects of Land Use Changes on Runoff and Nitrate Loads in the Talar River

Kavian

Mohammadi

Gholami

et al. 2018

Water

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This research surveyed the effects of land use changes on flow nitrate pollution in the Talar River (northern Iran), using Landsat images of 1991 and 2013 and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The results indicated that forest areas decreased by 14.9% and irrigated crops, dry land farming areas, range lands and residential areas increased by 46.8%, 31.1%, 4.7% and 17.5%, respectively. To calibrate and validate the studied period, the Nash Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R 2 ) were applied, ranging from 0.57 to 0.75 and from 0.62 to 0.76 for flow simulation and 0.84 and 0.63 and 0.75 and 0.83 for nitrate simulation, respectively. The results of land use scenarios indicated that respective water flow and nitrate loads increased by 34. 4% and 42.2% in 1991-2013 and may even increase by 42.3% and 55.9% in the simulated period of 2013-2050 in all sub-basins. It is likely that the main reason for these results was due to the increase in agricultural activities and the decrease in forestry areas. Our findings showed the useful combination of modelling techniques (land cover changes and SWAT) to develop valuable maps able to design correct land management plans and nature-based solutions for water quality of runoff water harvesting systems in the future.

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Section: Land-use Scenario In Year 2050mentioning

confidence: 76%

Assessment of the Spatiotemporal Effects of Land Use Changes on Runoff and Nitrate Loads in the Talar River

Kavian

Mohammadi

Gholami

et al. 2018

Water

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“…Soil erodibility is closely related to soil properties, exogenous factors, measurements, and calculations (Bryan, ; Cerdà, ; Martínez‐Hernández, Rodrigo‐Comino, & Romero‐Díaz, ; Mohammadkhan, Ahmadi, & Jafari, ; Wang et al, ). Different methods have been developed to determine soil erodibility, among which empirical models and field measurements are best considered (Kinnell, ; Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RUSLE erodibility of heavy‐textured soils as affected by soil type, erosional degradation, and rainfall intensity: A field simulation

Wei

Wang

et al. 2018

Land Degrad Dev

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Soil erosion is a serious problem world‐wide for the environment or humankind, exacerbating land degradation. However, little systematic knowledge is available about the erodibility of various types of soils at different erosional degradation levels, especially at the field scale. In this research, the spatiotemporal variations of the erodibility for 5 soil types (calcic luvisol, ferric luvisol, plinthic alisol, plinthic acrisol, and acric ferralsol) from temperate to tropical climate were investigated with field rainfall simulation experiments on prewetted bare fallow heavy‐textured soils (silty clay loam, silty clay, and clay) derived separately from loess deposits, quaternary red clays, and basalt. The experiments were performed in 3 erosion classes (noneroded, moderately eroded, and very severely eroded) and at 2 rainfall intensities (45 and 90 mm hr−1). Soil erodibility was represented by the K factor of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation. Soil erodibility was the lowest for the ferralsols among all the soil types and was significantly lower in the very severe than in the no or moderate erosion classes. Soil erodibility tended to be larger at the high than at the low rainfall intensity (p < .05) except for the very severely eroded luvisols, and their difference between rainfall intensities in the erodibility varied with rainfall duration. Soil erodibility could be well predicted by the combination of illite, dry aggregate stability, and amorphous aluminium oxides (adjusted R2 = .51, p < .001), and its temporal variations were significantly related with particle density, 1.4‐nm intergrade mineral, and capillary porosity (p < .05). Furthermore, soil properties selected to account for soil erodibility varied with rainfall intensity. The integrated data indicated that soil erodibility was mainly influenced by clay minerals at the region scale and soil degradation degree at the pedon scale.

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“…The scientific literature discusses plot sizes and the representability of the erosion and runoff plots [34,35,78,79]. Human-and nature-driven factors such as parent material [80], organic matter [81], vegetation cover [82], rock fragments [83] can greatly affect the spatial variability of hydrological and biological processes. Recent research conducted on the influence of weather types [84,85] also insisted that the elevated spatial and temporal variability of the soil erosion results among hillslopes and regions close to each other, considering factors such as the altitude [86], different soil managements, or geological discontinuities [87,88] as key factors of soil erosion.…”

Section: The Factors That Contribute To High Erosion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Non-Sustainable Soil Erosion Rates in the Tierra de Barros Vineyards (Extremadura, Spain) Using an ISUM Update

et al. 2019

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Monitoring soil erosion processes and measuring soil and water yields allow supplying key information to achieve land degradation neutrality challenges. Vineyards are one of the most affected agricultural territories by soil erosion due to human and natural factors. However, the spatial variability of soil erosion, the number of sampling points, and plot size necessary to estimate accurate soil erosion rates remains unclear. In this research, we determine how many inter-rows should be surveyed to estimate the soil mobilization rates in the viticulture area of Tierra de Barros (Extremadura, SW Spain) using the Improved Stock Unearthing Method (ISUM). This method uses the graft union of the vines as a passive biomarker of the soil surface level changes since the time of plantation and inter-row measures. ISUM was applied to three inter-row and four rows of vines (5904 sampling points) in order to determine how many surfaces and transects must be surveyed as all the previous surveys were done with only one inter-row. The results showed average values of soil depletion reaching −11.4, −11.8, and −11.5 cm for the inter-rows 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The current soil surface level descended 11.6 cm in 20 years. The inter-rows 1, 2, and 3 with a total area of 302.4 m 2 each one (2016 points) recorded 71.4, 70.8, and 74.0 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , respectively. With the maximum number of sampling points (5904), 71.2 Mg ha −1 yr −1 were obtained. The spatial variability of the soil erosion was shown to be very small, with no statistically significant differences among inter-rows. This could be due to the effect of the soil profile homogenization as a consequence of the intense tillage. This research shows the potential predictability of ISUM in order to give an overall overview of the soil erosion process for vineyards that follow the same soil management system. We conclude that measuring one inter-row is enough to get an overview of soil erosion processes in vineyards when the vines are under the same intense tillage management and topographical conditions. Moreover, we demonstrated the high erosion rates in a vineyard within the viticultural region of the Tierra de Barros, which could be representative for similar vineyards with similar topographical conditions, soil properties, and a possible non-sustainable soil management system.

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Relationship between soil erosion, slope, parent material, and distance to road (Case study: Latian Watershed, Iran)

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Assessment of the Spatiotemporal Effects of Land Use Changes on Runoff and Nitrate Loads in the Talar River

Assessment of the Spatiotemporal Effects of Land Use Changes on Runoff and Nitrate Loads in the Talar River

RUSLE erodibility of heavy‐textured soils as affected by soil type, erosional degradation, and rainfall intensity: A field simulation

Estimating Non-Sustainable Soil Erosion Rates in the Tierra de Barros Vineyards (Extremadura, Spain) Using an ISUM Update

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