Relationship between the clinical heterogeneity of neurocysticercosis and the immune-inflammatory profiles

Chavarría, Anahí; Fleury, Agnès; Garcı́a, Esperanza; Márquez, Carlos; Fragoso, Gladis; Sciutto, Edda

doi:10.1016/j.clim.2005.04.008

Cited by 91 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Total and specific IgE were also found in serum samples and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cysticercosis (Short et al 1990. Furthermore, Chavarria et al (2005) showed increased levels of eosinophils in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cysticercosis. Indeed, all of the individuals in our survey which resulted positive for anti-T. solium cysticercus antibodies showed elevated levels of IgE, although they were not correlated with eosinophilia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taeniosis-cysticercosis complex in individuals of a peasants' settlement (Teodoro Sampaio, Pontal of Paranapanema, SP, Brazil)

Prestes-Carneiro

Freitas

Zago

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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In order to evaluate the taeniosis-cysticercosis complex in a population of a peasants ' settlement, located at Teodoro Sampaio, state of São Paulo, Brazil (longitude 52°36'12", latitude 22°17'12") The taeniosis-cysticercosis complex is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, widespread not only in most underdeveloped countries, but also in industrialized ones (Raether & Hanel 2003). There is strong evidence supporting the high prevalence of Taenia infection in humans from resource-poor areas, especially in rural areas with deficient sanitation, low hygienic standards, and unusual customs, such as consumption of raw pork (Phiri et al. 2003).Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are two taenids of great economic and medical importance, causing bovine and porcine cysticercosis and taeniosis in humans. The encysted larva, known as cysticercus from T. saginata and T. solium are found in cattle and swine, respectively, and the adult tapeworm of T. saginata and T. solium are found in man. The cycle is completed when eggs in proglottids shed from the human tapeworm are disseminated to the environment through feces, followed by the ingestion by cattle or swine, and then the viable cysts are eaten by man in undercooked beef (Lees et al. 2002). People are also infected by ingestion of T. solium or T. saginata eggs by contact with carriers or contaminated foods. Cysticercosis is an infection caused by cysticercus, the larval stage of Cestoda Family Taeniidae. Neurocysticercosis (NC), the nervous-system form of cysticercosis is caused by larvae of tapeworm T. solium (Carpio 2002).In Brazil, several previous studies have shown that NC in humans is an important public-health problem; although, very few reports on the prevalence and distribution of porcine cysticercosis have been published (Sakai et al. 2001). In the state of São Paulo, the frequency of anti-T. solium cysticercus antibodies in humans was determined in few counties (Vaz et al. 1990, Bragazza et al. 2002. Nonetheless, studies about the prevalence of T. saginata infection in humans or the presence of T. saginata cysticercus in cattle are scarce (Ungar & Germano 1992). Dias et al. (1991) found in 311 samples of stools of humans living in the state of São Paulo an occurrence of 0.5% in Taenia sp. eggs; of which 273 were identified as T. saginata proglottidis.The ELISA screening test is commonly used for the serological diagnosis of cysticercosis, although it crossreacts with cestoda parasites such as Hymenolepis nana and Echinococcus granulosos (Garcia et al. 2003, Ishida et al. 2003. Low-molecular-weight glycoproteins obtained from T. solium by affinity chromatography, considerably improved the specificity of ELISA screening tests, but a large amount of antigens is required (Tsang et al. 1989). Recently, it has successfully been reported the use of low-molecular-weight peptides obtained from the vesicular fluid of T. crassiceps antigens (Tcra-VF) and T. crassiceps cysticercus glycoproteins (Tcra-GP and Tcra(18-14)-GP in ELISA and immunoblot assays , Ishida e...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taeniosis-cysticercosis complex in individuals of a peasants' settlement (Teodoro Sampaio, Pontal of Paranapanema, SP, Brazil)

Prestes-Carneiro

Freitas

Zago

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…The first study by Chavarría A et al on human NCC showed gender specific immunological differences. They showed higher expressions of IL-6 and IL-5 in women [15]. Another study on NCC patients showed decrease of estradiol and increase of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males, and reduction of adrenal hormone dehydro-epiandrosterone (DHEA) in both male and female.…”

Section: Immuno-endocrine Response and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These alterations also exist with different stage, number and location of the cysts. The expression of both anti-and pro-inflammatory cytokines at the chronic NCC at necropsy and in CSF may be responsible for the heterogeneity in disease outcome [15,17].…”

Section: Cns Immune Response and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe NCC is accompanied with increased eosinophilic infiltration in CSF and production of mixed Th1/Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10). Disease severity increases with the number of cysticerci as patients having multiple cysts show higher expression of IL-5 and IL-6 than patients having single cyst [15][16][17]. Increased expressions of IgG, IgM, IgE, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were observed in the patients having cysts in the subarachnoid spaces.…”

Section: Cns Immune Response and Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunopathogenesis of Neurocysticercosis: Role of Cytokines

Singh¹

2015

Immunome Res

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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by the larva of Taenia solium, when it is lodged in the central nervous system (CNS). NCC is identified as the major cause of community acquired epilepsy, especially in the developing countries. It is also increasingly being reported in the developed world due to human migration from the disease endemic countries. However, some individuals with similar NCC lesions may remain asymptomatic and the reason for this asymptomatic status largely remains unknown. However, studies from our center suggest that cytokines play important role in disease pathogenesis. In the present review, we have discussed the role of different cytokines in the pathogenesis of NCC in human.

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“…Short et al 20 used a quantitative radioimmunoassay to detect significantly elevated levels of specific IgG 4 (86 arbitrary units [AU]/mL) in CSF samples from patients with neurocysticercosis compared to the control group (1.6 AU/mL), whereas no specific IgE antibody response was detected in the CSF samples tested. Chavarría et al 21 found that the severity of infection was related to increased cellularity in the CSF, which was, in turn, characterized by increased levels of all IgG subclasses but not of IgE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cysticercus-specific IgG (total and subclasses) and IgE antibody responses in cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with neurocysticercosis showing intrathecal production of specific IgG antibodies

Suzuki

Rossi

2013

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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In the present study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) standardized with vesicular fluid of Taenia solium cysticerci was used to screen for IgG (total and subclasses) and IgE antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with neurocysticercosis showing intrathecal production of specific IgG antibodies and patients with other neurological disorders. The following results were obtained: IgG-ELISA: 100% sensitivity (median of the ELISA absorbances (MEA)=1.17) and 100% specificity; IgG 1 -ELI-SA: 72.7% sensitivity (MEA=0.49) and 100% specificity; IgG 2 -ELISA: 81.8% sensitivity (MEA=0.46) and 100% specificity; IgG 3 -ELISA: 63.6% sensitivity (MEA=0.12) and 100% specificity; IgG 4 -ELISA: 90.9% sensitivity (MEA=0.85) and 100% specificity; IgE-ELISA 93.8% sensitivity (MEA=0.60) and 100% specificity. There were no significant differences between the sensitivities and specificities in the detection of IgG-ELISA and IgE-ELISA, although in CSF samples from patients with neurocysticercosis the MEA of the IgG-ELISA was significantly higher than that of the IgE-ELISA. The sensitivity and MEA values of the IgG 4 -ELISA were higher than the corresponding values for the other IgG subclasses. Future studies should address the contribution of IgG 4 and IgE antibodies to the physiopathology of neurocysticercosis.Key words: IgG, IgE, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, neurocysticercosis. RESUMONo presente estudo, uma reação imunoenzimática (ELISA) padronizada com o fluido vesicular de cisticercos de Taenia solium foi utilizada para avaliar as respostas de anticorpos anti-cisticercos IgG (total e subclasses) e IgE em amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de pacientes com neurocisticercose apresentando produção intratecal de anticorpos específicos IgG e pacientes com outras desordens neurológicas. Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos: ELISA-IgG: 100% de sensibilidade (mediana das absorbâncias das reações ELISA (MAE)=1,17) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG 1 : sensibilidade 72,7% (MAE=0,49) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG 2 : sensibilidade 81,8% (MAE=0,46) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG 3 : sensibilidade 63,6% (MAE=0,12) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG 4 : sensibilidade 90,9% (MAE=0,85) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgE: sensibilidade 93,8% (MAE=0,60) e especificidade 100%. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as sensibilidades e especificidades das reações ELISA-IgG e ELISA-IgE, embora a MAE da reação ELISA-IgG em amostras de LCR de pacientes com neurocisticercose tenha sido significativamente maior que a obtida com ELISA-IgE. Os valores de sensibilidade e MAE da reação ELISA-IgG 4 foram maiores que os valores correspondentes para as outras subclasses da IgG. Estudos futuros deverão abordar a contribuição dos anticorpos IgG 4 e IgE na fisiopatologia da neurocisticercose.Palavras-Chave: IgG, IgE, ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática, neurocisticercose.

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Relationship between the clinical heterogeneity of neurocysticercosis and the immune-inflammatory profiles

Cited by 91 publications

References 27 publications

Taeniosis-cysticercosis complex in individuals of a peasants' settlement (Teodoro Sampaio, Pontal of Paranapanema, SP, Brazil)

Taeniosis-cysticercosis complex in individuals of a peasants' settlement (Teodoro Sampaio, Pontal of Paranapanema, SP, Brazil)

Immunopathogenesis of Neurocysticercosis: Role of Cytokines

Evaluation of cysticercus-specific IgG (total and subclasses) and IgE antibody responses in cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with neurocysticercosis showing intrathecal production of specific IgG antibodies

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