Relationship between the number and impact of stressful life events and the onset of Graves' disease and toxic nodular goitre<sup>★</sup>

Matos-Santos, A.; Nobre, Ema; Costa, Joaquim Garcia e; Nogueira, Paulo; Macedo, Ana; Galvão-Teles, A; Castro, João Jácome de

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01332.x

Cited by 91 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In a recent prospective study, it was shown that four personality traits (hypochondria, depression, paranoia and mental fatigue) were positively related to the relapse rate after antithyroid drugs in Graves' disease, and that stressful life events correlated with the titer of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-receptor antibodies (67). Another casecontrol study found that Graves' disease patients had had a significantly greater number of stressful life events than patients with toxic nodular goiter or controls (the latter two groups were not different from each other in terms of stressful life events) (68).…”

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and it has been calculated that 80% of the susceptibility to develop Graves' disease is attributable to genes. The concordance rate for AITD among monozygotic twins is, however, well below 1 and environmental factors thus must play an important role. We have attempted to carry out a comprehensive review of all the environmental and hormonal risk factors thought to bring about AITD in genetically predisposed individuals. Low birth weight, iodine excess and deficiency, selenium deficiency, parity, oral contraceptive use, reproductive span, fetal microchimerism, stress, seasonal variation, allergy, smoking, radiation damage to the thyroid gland, viral and bacterial infections all play a role in the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders. The use of certain drugs (lithium, interferon-a, Campath-1H) also increases the risk of the development of autoimmunity against the thyroid gland. Further research is warranted into the importance of fetal microchimerism and of viral infections capable of mounting an endogenous interferon-a response.European Journal of Endocrinology 150 605-618

show abstract

Section: Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some of the publications reported the presence of stress in 62 or 85% of the cases, or even in all cases (review in (7)). A review of the literature including seven case-control studies has highlighted the preexistence of a 'negative' stressful event in patients with Graves' disease (8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15). However, one can criticize the principle of case-control studies: it is difficult to assess the effect of a given stressful event in different individuals; the validity of filling out a questionnaire may be limited in an emotional context, the actual date of the onset of the disease is difficult to specify and nothing proves that it occurred after the stressful event (8).…”

Section: Epidemiological Data On Stress and Graves' Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Role of emotional stress in the pathophysiology of Graves' disease

Falgarone¹,

Heshmati²,

Cohen³

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The role of stress in the pathophysiology of Graves' disease is suggested by several clinical observations, by recent advances in immunology and by better understanding of autoimmune diseases which provides new insights into potential effects of stress hormones on T helper cell imbalance involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Stress management should therefore be an important part of the treatment of Graves' disease, as stress reduction may improve the effect of therapy. However, this field still requires interventional data to support stress management in the treatment of Graves' disease. European Journal of Endocrinology 168 R13-R18

show abstract

“…The first event is an inborn genetic susceptibility (reviewed in Tomer and Davies 4 ) followed by a second event that is an encounter with an external trigger such as infection (for a review see Tomer and Davies 5 ) or stress. 6 As a result, thyroid-specific T cells become activated and infiltrate the thyroid. The thyroid infiltrating T cells activate B cells to secrete TSHR-stimulating antibodies that induce proliferation of thyrocytes, and production of excess thyroid hormones resulting in hyperthyroidism and goiter (reviewed in Davies 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arginine at position 74 of the HLA-DR β1 chain is associated with Graves' disease

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graves' disease (GD) is associated with HLA-DR3 (DRB1*03) in Caucasians, but the exact amino-acid sequence in the DR b1 chain conferring susceptibility to GD is unknown. Therefore, the aim of our study was to identify the critical sequence among the HLA-DRB1 amino-acid residues occupying the peptide-binding pocket, which conferred susceptibility to GD. We sequenced the HLA-DRB1 locus in 208 Caucasian GD patients and 149 Caucasian controls. Sequence analysis showed an increased frequency of DR b-Arg-74 in GD patients compared to controls (41.8 and 13.4%, respectively; P ¼ 2.3 Â 10 À8 , OR ¼ 4.6). Moreover, subset analyses showed that DR b-Arg-74 was also significantly more frequent in the HLA-DR3 negative GD patients than in controls (7.6 vs 0.8%, P ¼ 0.02, OR ¼ 10.5), suggesting that the association with DR b-Arg-74 is independent of the association with HLA-DR3. Structural modeling studies demonstrated that the change at position 74 from the neutral amino acids Ala or Gln to the positively charged amino-acid Arg significantly modifies the three-dimensional structure of the DR peptide-binding pocket. Our results suggested that structural heterogeneity of the DR b-chain peptidebinding pocket P4 at residue 74 predispose some at risk individuals to GD.

show abstract

Relationship between the number and impact of stressful life events and the onset of Graves' disease and toxic nodular goitre^★

Abstract: These results suggest that SLEs are a precipitating factor of the onset of GD. We also demonstrated that SLEs do not seem to have any conclusive relationship with the onset of TNG.

Cited by 91 publications

References 15 publications

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Role of emotional stress in the pathophysiology of Graves' disease

Arginine at position 74 of the HLA-DR β1 chain is associated with Graves' disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Relationship between the number and impact of stressful life events and the onset of Graves' disease and toxic nodular goitre★

Abstract: These results suggest that SLEs are a precipitating factor of the onset of GD. We also demonstrated that SLEs do not seem to have any conclusive relationship with the onset of TNG.

Cited by 91 publications

References 15 publications

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Role of emotional stress in the pathophysiology of Graves' disease

Arginine at position 74 of the HLA-DR β1 chain is associated with Graves' disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Relationship between the number and impact of stressful life events and the onset of Graves' disease and toxic nodular goitre^★