Relationship between the particle size distribution of commercial fully porous and superficially porous high-performance liquid chromatography column packings and their chromatographic performance

Shell particles, trials, tribulations and triumphs

“…For the core-shell particles, they are 1.112, 1.118, and 1.128, respectively. Some authors claim that this physico-chemical property is important for the preparation of highly homogeneous chromatographic beds, hence of highly efficient columns [85]. However, this is arguable.…”

Linear general rate model of chromatography for core–shell particles: Analytical solutions and moment analysis

“…They have been used for separations of proteins and peptides (Kirkland et al, 2000;Zhou et al, 2007;Kiss et al, 2010) including proteins in proteomic research (Wang et al, 2006), nucleotides (Horvath et al, 1967), and other compounds (Ning et al, 1998). Cabootera et al (2010) and Fanigliulo et al (2010) performed experiments to compare and analyze several commercially available fully porous and cored beads. Cored beads were also used in gas chromatography, see Kirkland (1969).…”

Comparison of the kinetic performance and retentivity of sub-2μm core–shell, hybrid and conventional bare silica phases in hydrophilic interaction chromatography

“…Shell particles can be manufactured with a very narrow particle size distribution [11]. While this factor per se may not be the reason for the substantially lower eddy dispersion observed for shell particles, it is possible that it improves the packing properties of these materials [9]. The roughness of some types of shell particle may also improve the packed bed stability and homogeneity [12].…”

“…However, the superior kinetic performance of shell compared with totally porous particles of the same diameter has still not been fully explained [9,10]. Shell particles can be manufactured with a very narrow particle size distribution [11].…”