Relationship of alcohol consumption and smoking to plasma cortisol and blood pressure

Handa, Koichi; Nomoto, Junko; Oku, Kazuomi; Takao, Makiko; Inoue, Takatoshi; Saku, Keita; Arakawa, Kazuo

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(94)94085-1

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This is consistent with a large random sample of middle-aged men in the USA, in which serum cortisol concentrations were higher in smokers than nonsmokers (Field et al, 1994). By contrast, Handa et al (1994) reported that middle-aged Japanese male smokers had lower plasma cortisol in the morning than did nonsmokers. Other studies that have assessed cortisol from plasma or saliva under resting conditions in the laboratory have shown mixed results, with higher levels in some studies (al'Absi et al, 2003;Baron et al, 1995), and no differences in others (Gossain et al, 1986;Kirschbaum et al, 1994;Tsuda et al, 1996).…”

Section: Cortisol Levels In Habitual Smokerssupporting

confidence: 69%

Smoking, cortisol and nicotine

Steptoe

Ussher

2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

201

125

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Section: Cortisol Levels In Habitual Smokerssupporting

confidence: 69%

Smoking, cortisol and nicotine

Steptoe

Ussher

2006

International Journal of Psychophysiology

201

125

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“…In most studies, however, the effects of such important confounding factors were not considered thoroughly. In our review of the literature we have found studies that were adjusted for age and obesity, [7][8][9]12,13,19,[23][24][25][26] alcohol consumption, 14,24,25 physical activities 8,9,26 blood chemistry. 14,24,25 Most studies were adjusted for age and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Honda et al 25 performed multiple regression analysis using alcohol consumption (per 10 ml/day), smoking habit (yes/no) and BMI (per 1 kg/m 2 ), and suggested a lower blood pressure level among smokers than non-smokers. The study by Ueshima et al 24 had the design most similar to our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An association between smoking habits and blood pressure in normotensive Japanese men

et al. 2002

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We conducted a cross-sectional study to clarify the dose-effect relationship of smoking habits with blood pressure in Japanese men. The subjects were 2781 normotensive male steelworkers ranging in age from 40 to 54 years. They were classified into five categories according to their smoking habits: non-smokers, exsmokers, light smokers, moderate smokers and heavy smokers. Age, body mass index, salt intake, physical activity, drinking habits, and levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, total serum cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine and plasma glucose were analysed as covariates. The association between smoking habits and blood pressure was evaluated using analysis of covariance. Our results showed that there was no significant differ-

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“…There has been speculation therefore, as to whether such a mechanism may also be involved in individuals drinking moderate levels of alcohol. However, plasma cortisol level does not seem to be influenced by moderate drinking (Prinz et al 1980;Ida et al 1992;Handa et al 1994). Nevertheless, central neuroendocrine mechanisms may be involved, as the androgen level has been found to be positively related to alcohol consumption in non-alcoholic women (Cigolini et al 1996).…”

Section: Body Fat Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol drinking and cardiac risk

Buemann¹,

Dyerberg²,

Astrup³

2002

NRR

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The present paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature pertaining to the impact of alcohol intake on cardiovascular disease. Both cross-sectional and prospective studies have disclosed a negative association between moderate intake of alcoholic beverages and cardiovascular disease. The relationship appears to be present for both wine, beer and spirits. Effects of alcohol itself and also the role of different cardioprotective substances in alcoholic beverages are discussed. Alcohol has been suggested to beneficially affect the blood lipid profile, as it increases plasma HDL-cholesterol level. Furthermore, it may inhibit thrombogenesis by reducing thromboxan formation and decreasing the plasma level of fibrinogen. However, high blood concentrations of alcohol may impair fibrinolysis by increasing plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 level. This action could contribute to explaining the 'U'-shaped association between alcohol intake and cardiac events. Alcohol seems to promote abdominal fat distribution, but the importance of this effect in non-obese individuals is uncertain. Wine in particular, but also beer, contains polyphenols which act as antioxidants. Their action could maintain the integrity of the endothelial function by reducing the formation of superoxide. Moreover, these antioxidants may protect against LDL oxidation and modulate the macrophage attack on the endothelium. Although the cardio-protective effect of alcohol can hardly be addressed in healthy individuals by intervention studies with hard end points, there are many observational and experimental findings indicating that moderate alcohol drinking possesses properties preventive of cardiovascular disease.

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Relationship of alcohol consumption and smoking to plasma cortisol and blood pressure

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Smoking, cortisol and nicotine

Smoking, cortisol and nicotine

An association between smoking habits and blood pressure in normotensive Japanese men

Alcohol drinking and cardiac risk

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