Relationship of Diet to Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Biomarkers in People with HIV

Manzano, Mónica; Talavera-Rodríguez, Alba; Moreno, Elena; Madrid, Nadia; Gosalbes, María José; Ron, Raquel; Dronda, Fernando; Pérez‐Molina, José A.; Lanza, Val F.; Díaz, J.F.; Guillén, Santiago Moreno; Navia, Beatriz; Serrano‐Villar, Sergio

doi:10.3390/nu14061221

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Interestingly, a synergic effect of PFD and BB536 on Lactobacillaceae, which are food-fermenting lactic acid bacteria [29], was observed in the present study, as shown in Figure 5B. A significantly low response of Erysipelotrichaceae to PFD, which may be a potential inflammatory marker in HIV patients [30], was also observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Protective effect of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB536 against nausea caused by pirfenidone in a mouse model of pellagra

Kuronuma

Susai

Kuroita

et al. 2023

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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Pellagra is caused by abnormal intake and/or use of nicotinic acid and is known in part to be induced by the use of medications such as isoniazid or pirfenidone. We previously investigated atypical phenotypes of pellagra, such as nausea, using a mouse model of pellagra and found that gut microbiota play an important role in the development of these phenotypes. Here, we investigated the effect of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on pellagra-related nausea caused by pirfenidone in our mouse model. Our pharmacological data indicated that pirfenidone (PFD) causes modulation of the gut microbiota profile, which appeared to play an important role in the development of pellagra-related nausea.A gut microbiota-mediated protective effect of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 against nausea caused by PFD was also identified. Finally, the urinary ratio of nicotinamide/Nmethylnicotinamide was shown to be a biomarker of pellagra-like adverse effects induced by PFD, and it may contribute to the prevention of these effects in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Protective effect of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB536 against nausea caused by pirfenidone in a mouse model of pellagra

Kuronuma

Susai

Kuroita

et al. 2023

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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“…We performed a comprehensive dietary assessment following the principles previously reported. 27 The Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (MED-DQI) for the PWH (5.1 ± 2.2) indicated that an average good to medium good-quality diet, with 43% of the total energy intake (TE) originating from carbohydrates, 37% TE from lipids and 17% TE from proteins (Table S6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions among the mycobiome, bacteriome, inflammation, and diet in people living with HIV

et al. 2022

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While the intestinal microbiome seems a major driver of persistent immune defects in people with HIV (PWH), little is known about its fungal component, the mycobiome. We assessed the inter-kingdom mycobiome–bacteriome interactions, the impact of diet, and the association with the innate and adaptive immunity in PWH on antiretroviral therapy. We included 24 PWH individuals and 12 healthy controls. We sequenced the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 amplicons, determined amplicon sequence variants, measured biomarkers of the innate and adaptive immunity in blood and relations with diet. Compared to healthy controls, PWH subjects exhibited a distinct and richer mycobiome and an enrichment for Debaryomyces hansenii, Candida albicans , and Candida parapsilosis . In PWH, Candida and Pichia species were strongly correlated with several bacterial genera, including Faecalibacterium genus. Regarding the links between the mycobiome and systemic immunology, we found a positive correlation between Candida species and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (sTNF-R2 and IL-17), interleukin 22 (a cytokine implicated in the regulation of mucosal immunity), and CD8+ T cell counts. This suggests an important role of the yeasts in systemic innate and adaptive immune responses. Finally, we identified inter-kingdom interactions implicated in fiber degradation, short-chain fatty acid production, and lipid metabolism, and an effect of vegetable and fiber intake on the mycobiome. Therefore, despite the great differences in abundance and diversity between the bacterial and fungal communities of the gut, we defined the changes associated with HIV, determined several different inter-kingdom associations, and found links between the mycobiome, nutrient metabolism, and systemic immunity.

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“…Some studies suggest that a diet rich in anti-inflammatory compounds (food-derived fibers, ω-3, magnesium, flavonoids, and carotenoids, among others), commonly observed in Mediterranean diet patterns and ‘plant-based foods’, may help to control chronic inflammation [ 62 , 63 ], being potentially beneficial for HIV-infected individuals undergoing ART concerning inflammatory, metabolic, and immune markers [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. However, therapeutic strategies (from nutritional therapy to regular drugs) to control inflammation in chronic HIV infection are still limited, indicating the need for more studies to focus on this issue.…”

Section: Impacts Of Hiv Infection and Treatment On Chromosomal Integr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Infection, Chromosome Instability, and Micronucleus Formation

Ellwanger

Kulmann-Leal

Ziliotto

2023

Viruses

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Genome integrity is critical for proper cell functioning, and chromosome instability can lead to age-related diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Chromosome instability is caused by multiple factors, including replication stress, chromosome missegregation, exposure to pollutants, and viral infections. Although many studies have investigated the effects of environmental or lifestyle genotoxins on chromosomal integrity, information on the effects of viral infections on micronucleus formation and other chromosomal aberrations is still limited. Currently, HIV infection is considered a chronic disease treatable by antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, HIV-infected individuals still face important health problems, such as chronic inflammation and age-related diseases. In this context, this article reviews studies that have evaluated genomic instability using micronucleus assays in the context of HIV infection. In brief, HIV can induce chromosome instability directly through the interaction of HIV proteins with host DNA and indirectly through chronic inflammation or as a result of ART use. Connections between HIV infection, immunosenescence and age-related disease are discussed in this article. The monitoring of HIV-infected individuals should consider the increased risk of chromosome instability, and lifestyle interventions, such as reduced exposure to genotoxins and an antioxidant-rich diet, should be considered. Therapies to reduce chronic inflammation in HIV infection are needed.

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Relationship of Diet to Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Biomarkers in People with HIV

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Protective effect of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB536 against nausea caused by pirfenidone in a mouse model of pellagra

Protective effect of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> BB536 against nausea caused by pirfenidone in a mouse model of pellagra

Interactions among the mycobiome, bacteriome, inflammation, and diet in people living with HIV

HIV Infection, Chromosome Instability, and Micronucleus Formation

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