Relationship of Glycolytic Intermediates, Glycolytic Enzymes, and Ammonia to Glycogen Metabolism During Sporulation in the Yeast
            <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Fonzi, William A.; Shanley, Mark S.; Opheim, Dennis J.

doi:10.1128/jb.137.1.285-294.1979

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Ammonium ion plays a primary role in nitrogen metabolism in general by controlling the amino acid pool (13) but also appears to affect sporulation (secondary metabolism) specifically (19) by blocking the normal increases in proteases that occur in yeast cells after transfer to sporulation medium (15). Ammonium ion also inhibits RNA and protein synthesis during sporulation (9) as well as sporulation-specific glycogen degradation (11) and induction of glyoxylate enzymes during adaptation to acetate in Saccharomyces (12).…”

Section: Vol 142 1980mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporulation in Hansenula wingei Is Induced by Nitrogen Starvation in Maltose-Containing Media

Crandall

Lawrence

1980

J Bacteriol

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The sexually agglutinative yeast Hansenula wingei lives in association with bark beetles that inhabit coniferous trees. This yeast was induced to sporulate by malt extract, which contains a high percentage of maltose (50%) and a low percentage of nitrogen (0.5%). A solution of 1.5% maltose without any growth factors also induced ascosporogenesis in H. wingei. Thus, only a carbon source is required for sporulation as in Saccharomyces. However, potassium acetate did not induce sporulation in H. wingei as it does in S. cerevisiae. Instead, disaccharides (such as maltose, sucrose, or cellobiose) promote sporulation better than either monosaccharides (such as dextrose, fructose, or mannose) or respiratory substrates (such as ethanol or glycerol). The specificity of disaccharides in promoting sporulation in H. wingei may be considered an adaptation since these disaccharides are present in the natural environment of this yeast. In addition, the specificity of disaccharides may be related to the induction of the disaccharidase because cells precultured on dextrose sporulate well on maltose, but cells precultured on maltose sporulate poorly on maltose. When (NH4)2SO4 was added at a low concentration (3 mM) to synthetic sporulation medium (1.5% maltose solution), sporulation was abolished, whereas other salts and nitrogen sources inhibited to a lesser extent and vitamins and trace elements had no effect. Oxygen was required for sporulation, as expected for an obligate aerobe. Maximal sporulation was achieved in 2% malt extract broth at high cell density (109 cells per ml), pH 5, and 25°C. By using these optimal physiological conditions and hybrid strains selected from an extensive genetic breeding program, about 30% asci (10% tetrads) were obtained routinely. Thus, the genetics of cell recognition in this yeast can now be studied.

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Section: Vol 142 1980mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporulation in Hansenula wingei Is Induced by Nitrogen Starvation in Maltose-Containing Media

Crandall

Lawrence

1980

J Bacteriol

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“…Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has long been known to be inhibited by the addition of a nitrogen source to sporulation medium (13). NH4' blocks DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses (3,4,15), as well as the increase in protein (3) and glycogen degradation (5,9) which occurs during normal sporulation. We have previously shown that NH4' has only a minimal effect on energy and glycolytic pathway metabolites in cells incubated in sporulation medium supplemented with NH4' (5).…”

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“…NH4' blocks DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses (3,4,15), as well as the increase in protein (3) and glycogen degradation (5,9) which occurs during normal sporulation. We have previously shown that NH4' has only a minimal effect on energy and glycolytic pathway metabolites in cells incubated in sporulation medium supplemented with NH4' (5). Therefore, we expected that the effects of NH4+ may be very specific.…”

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“…cerevisiae strains SK-1 (9), AP-1-a/a, and AP-1-a/a (6) were used throughout this study. Yeast cells were sporulated in a manner similar to that used by Roth and Halvorson (16), as previously described (5). In experiments testing the effect of NH4', 10 mM (NH4)2SO4 was added to the sporulation medium.…”

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Effect of ammonium ions on activity of hydrolytic enzymes during sporulation of yeast

Opheim¹

1979

J Bacteriol

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The addition of 10 mM ammonium sulfate to sporulation medium noncoordinately blocked the increases in protease C, protease B, ai-mannosidase, and 1,4amyloglucosidase activities which occur during normal sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but had only a minor effect on the 10-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase activity.Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has long been known to be inhibited by the addition of a nitrogen source to sporulation medium (13). NH4' blocks DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses (3,4,15), as well as the increase in protein (3) and glycogen degradation (5, 9) which occurs during normal sporulation. We have previously shown that NH4' has only a minimal effect on energy and glycolytic pathway metabolites in cells incubated in sporulation medium supplemented with NH4' (5). Therefore, we expected that the effects of NH4+ may be very specific. Since the differentiation during sporulation must necessitate significant amounts of intracellular macromolecular turnover, we examined the effect of NH4' on a number of hydrolytic enzymes which may be involved in intracellular turnover.S. cerevisiae strains SK-1 (9), AP-1-a/a, and AP-1-a/a (6) were used throughout this study. Yeast cells were sporulated in a manner similar to that used by Roth and Halvorson (16), as previously described (5). In experiments testing the effect of NH4', 10 mM (NH4)2SO4 was added to the sporulation medium. The minimum concentration of (NH4)2SO4 required to cause 95% inhibition of sporulation of SK-1 was 7.5 mM (unpublished data). Sporulation was monitored by phase-contrast microscopy as previously described (5).The cells were harvested and extracts were prepared as previously described (14). The addition of 2 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride had no effect on the levels of the non-proteolytic enzyme activities which were examined. Protease B activity was measured by the procedure of Juni and Heym (8), using Azocoll as substrate.

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Transcriptional regulation of sporulation genes in yeast

et al. 1987

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The relative transcription rates of three sporulation-regulated genes of yeast (SPR1, SPR2 and SPR3) were determined at intervals during sporulation, using a filter binding assay. The binding of in vivo labeled RNA to the corresponding DNAs increased 3- to 12-fold at the time of meiosis I, in parallel with the accumulation of the SPR transcripts. SPR1 and SPR3 mRNA abundance increased from less than 0.7 to 130 and 90 copies per cell, respectively, between the time of shift to sporulation medium and the initiation of spore formation. This represented a 150-to 200-fold increase in the steady-state levels of these RNAs. Similarly, the levels of beta-galactosidase present in sporulating cells harboring fusions between SPR3 and Escherichia coli lacZ increased at least 700-fold. We conclude that SPR1, SPR2 and SPR3 transcription is modulated during sporulation, possibly in response to earlier events in the process.

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Relationship of Glycolytic Intermediates, Glycolytic Enzymes, and Ammonia to Glycogen Metabolism During Sporulation in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Sporulation in Hansenula wingei Is Induced by Nitrogen Starvation in Maltose-Containing Media

Sporulation in Hansenula wingei Is Induced by Nitrogen Starvation in Maltose-Containing Media

Effect of ammonium ions on activity of hydrolytic enzymes during sporulation of yeast

Transcriptional regulation of sporulation genes in yeast

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