Relationship of health behavior theories with self-efficacy among insufficiently active hypertensive African–American women

Abstract

Objective-While self-efficacy plays an important role in physical activity, relatively little research has examined this construct in minorities. This study identified theoretical correlates associated with self-efficacy amongst insufficiently active, hypertensive Black women.Methods-Correlates of self-efficacy to: (1) overcoming barriers to physical activity; (2) making time for activity; and (3) "sticking with" physical activity were studied.Results-Sixty-one women (M = 50.48 ± 4.2 years) participated. We accounted for 32% of the variance in confidence in overcoming barriers. Women confident in overcoming barriers reported less worry about physical activity. The TTM processes of change were also in the model: consciousness raising, environmental reevaluation, counter conditioning, and self liberation. We accounted for 16% of the variance in "making time" self-efficacy. An aversiveness barrier (e.g., physical activity is boring, physical activity is hard work) was the dominant variable in the model. Confidence to 'stick with' physical activity was associated with self-reevaluation (i.e., reflection on how personal values correspond to behavior). Social support and competing demands were not associated with self-efficacy.© 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusions-Consistent with Social Cognitive Theory, results suggest that self-efficacy is behavior specific and each measure likely provides unique information. Conflict of interest: None NIH Public AccessPractice Implications-Interventions should be tailored to address specific self-efficacy types.

Impact of a health educational guidelines on the knowledge, self-management practice and self-efficacy of patients with type-2 diabetes

“…[16] The self-efficacy framework related to DM has been applied in various education programs. [17] These studies demonstrated that self-efficacy correlated with compliance to physical activity, [18] and diet regimen [19] and to be associated with more frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose [20] and glycemic control. [21] Conversely, low selfefficacy was associated with worse diabetes control.…”

Changes in Central Aortic Pressure, Endothelial Function and Biomarkers in Hypertensive African-Americans with the Cardiometabolic Syndrome: Comparison of Amlodipine/Olmesartan versus Hydrochlorothiazide/Losartan

“…At the environmental level, barriers to healthy lifestyles include lack of access to exercise facilities at work or in the community, lack of bicycle and walking paths as well as high traffic and crime in urban settings that prevent access to safe walking areas. For individual African-Americans, overall perceived and real barriers to engage in exercise and healthy diets may outweigh perceived positive outcomes of total lifestyle changes, underscoring the importance of individual effective problem solving to reduce barriers and information to influence outcome [36,37]. …”

Effects of nebivolol in obese African Americans with hypertension (NOAAH): markers of inflammation and obesity in response to exercise-induced stress

“…For individual African Americans, overall perceived and real barriers to engage in exercise and healthy diets may outweigh perceived positive outcomes of total lifestyle changes, underscoring the importance of individual effective problem solving to reduce barriers and information to influence outcome expectancies. 29,30 These important culturally relevant factors were incorporated into the nutrition and physical activity educational materials, which were provided to patients at each study visit.…”