Relationship of Maladaptation Factors with the Prevalence of Symptoms and Conditions of Vegetative Dysfunction Occurrence in Athletes

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to establish the connection between symptoms of autonomic dysfunction and factors that can increase the likelihood of its development. Materials and methods. A total of 150 athletes were examined. The number of women was 65 (43.3%), the average age of the examined was 22.8 2.9 years. During the collection of anamnesis, the athletes were separately asked to answer about the presence of such symptoms as the insufficient result of the performance of the coaching task, insufficient motivation, dissatisfaction with the construction of the training session, feeling of lack of progress, unpreparedness for the competition, feeling of overfatigue after training, disturbance of the emotional sphere, difficulty in performing other types of activities in non-exercise time, a feeling of muscle weakness, muscle pain, decreased tolerance to temperature effects, periodic dizziness when standing up, after performing exercises, periodic headaches and satisfaction with sleep. The design, purpose, tasks and methods of the conducted research were discussed at the meeting of the commission on bioethics of the Educational and Scientific Medical Institute of Sumy State University. Results and discussion. A significant difference in the frequency of detected symptoms between the studied groups was established and it was found that in almost all cases the criterion of statistical significance p was less than 0.001. This applied to all general, neurological and cardiac symptoms directly related to autonomic dysfunction. Insignificant differences were established only when comparing the frequency of disorders of the emotional sphere (p=0.176) and the motivational component (p=0.273). It was also shown that there is a certain connection between the specifics of training activities and other aspects of athletes' lives with the appearance of symptoms and conditions for the occurrence of autonomic dysfunction. These factors may be of limited importance, for example, the frequency of headaches increases exclusively in women, and in athletes aged 20-24 years problems with the motivational component prevail. The last symptom, together with disturbances in the emotional sphere, is also characteristic of those who have suffered significant injury during the last month. Conclusion. Resting autonomic dysfunction is largely unaffected by overexertion, although this may be the result of methodological issues that warrant further investigation. Heart rate acceleration appears to decrease in response to overexercise and therefore may be a potential indicator of exercise-induced fatigue