Relationship of pancreas volume to tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption following pancreatitis

Stuart, Charlotte E; Singh, Ruma G.; Ramos, Gisselle C. Alarcon; Priya, Sunitha; Ko, Jung Hwa; DeSouza, Steve V.; Cho, Jaelim; Petrov, Maxim S.

doi:10.1016/j.pan.2019.10.009

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Venous blood samples were collected at baseline (fasted) and at intervals of 30 min for 150 min following the ingestion of KEβHB/placebo drink. Participants were also asked to fill out a food frequency questionnaire and a standardised questionnaire assessing their consumption of alcohol and tobacco smoking [ 24 ]. The above protocol was repeated for the second clinic visit, except participants ingested the alternative drink.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of acute ketosis on lipid profile in prediabetes: findings from a cross-over randomized controlled trial

Liu

Bharmal

Kimita

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Diabetol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Ketone monoester β-hydroxybutyrate (KEβHB) ingestion has emerged as an effective method of inducing acute ketosis. Although evidence suggests that KEβHB can offer several therapeutic benefits, whether KEβHB affects lipid profile is still unknown. Aims The primary aim was to study the effect of KEβHB on plasma lipid profile in individuals with prediabetes. The secondary aim was to investigate the role of saturated fat intake in that effect. Methods This study was a randomized controlled trial with cross-over design. Following an overnight fast, 18 adults (six women and 12 men) with prediabetes (diagnosed based on the American Diabetes Association criteria) ingested a single dose of KEβHB drink or placebo drink. Blood samples were collected every 30 min, from baseline to 150 min. Outcome variables included changes in total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, triglycerides, and the triglycerides to HDL cholesterol ratio. The area under the curve (AUC) over 150 min was calculated for each outcome following ingestion of the drinks. Habitual saturated fat intake was ascertained using the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Results Significant elevation of blood β-hydroxybutyrate from 0.2 mmol/L to 3.5 mmol/L (p < 0.001) was achieved within 30 min. Acute ketosis resulted in significantly lower AUCs for remnant cholesterol (p = 0.022) and triglycerides (p = 0.022). No statistically significant differences in the AUCs for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and the triglycerides to HDL cholesterol ratio were found. The changes in remnant cholesterol and triglycerides were statistically significant in individuals with high, but not low, habitual saturated fat intake. Conclusion Acute ketosis had no untoward effect on plasma lipid profile. Moreover, it led to significantly reduced circulating levels of remnant cholesterol and triglycerides. This paves the way for investigating whether exogenous ketone supplementation reduces cardiovascular disease risk (via its actions on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins) in at-risk populations. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03889210.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of acute ketosis on lipid profile in prediabetes: findings from a cross-over randomized controlled trial

Liu

Bharmal

Kimita

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Diabetol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Average daily energy intake (kcal) and alcohol intake (g/day) was obtained using the FFQ and quantified by the FETA software (University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK) [ 33 ]. Tobacco smoking status was recorded as either ‘yes’ or ‘no’ using a standardised questionnaire [ 37 ]. Data on antidiabetic medication usage, cholecystectomy, and AP aetiology were obtained from participants’ health records.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Habitual Intake of Vitamins and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamins have many established roles in human health. However, the role of habitual dietary intake of vitamins in glucose homeostasis in individuals after acute pancreatitis (AP) is yet to be elucidated. The aim was to investigate the associations between habitual intake of fat- and water-soluble vitamins/vitamers and markers of glucose metabolism (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and homeostasis model assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β)) in individuals after AP. A total of 106 participants after AP were included in this cross-sectional study and were grouped based on glycaemic status: new-onset prediabetes/diabetes after AP (NODAP), pre-existing prediabetes/type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and normoglycaemia after AP (NAP). Habitual intake of seven fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers and seven water-soluble vitamins were determined by the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted using five statistical models built to adjust for covariates (age, sex, daily energy intake, visceral/subcutaneous fat volume ratio, smoking status, daily alcohol intake, aetiology of AP, number of AP episodes, cholecystectomy, and use of antidiabetic medications). In the NODAP group, three fat-soluble vitamins/vitamers (α-carotene, β-carotene, and total carotene) were significantly associated with HOMA-β. One water-soluble vitamin (vitamin B3) was also significantly associated with HOMA-β in the NODAP group. None of the studied vitamins were significantly associated with FPG or HOMA-IR in the NODAP group. Prospective longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials are now warranted to investigate if the observed associations between vitamin/vitamer intake and NODAP are causal and to unveil the specific mechanisms underlying their involvement with NODAP.

show abstract

“…The findings of a study demonstrated that tobacco is the most important risk factor for pancreatic diseases (33), and smoking also carries the risk of lips, mouth, esophagus, and pancreatic cancer (34). Cadmium and arsenic in cigarettes are carcinogenic and have been implicated in gastric ulcers, although arsenic is also effective in treating refractory proctitis.…”

Section: Effects Of Tobacco On Different Body Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Tobacco Use and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The coronavirus, which leads to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), may affect various systems of the body (including respiratory, heart, blood circulation, gastrointestinal, nervous, urinary, and renal systems). Similar to COVID-19, first- and second-hand smoking also endanger the immune system and affect a wide range of systems. Therefore, considering the adverse effects of tobacco on different systems of the body, this study aimed at investigating the effects of tobacco on the onset, transmission, prognosis, and severity of COVID-19 in patients. Related articles were selected through advanced searching in Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases and Google search engine while including no time limit and using three keywords derived from Mesh (COVID-19, smoking, and tobacco). Most studies have indicated that the incidence of COVID-19 was extremely lower in patients with a history of active smoking compared to patients with no smoking history. According to the results, smoking has an impact on the prognosis and outcome of COVID-19, increases the severity of the disease, the need for hospitalization and the intensive care unit (ICU), and the death rate, as well as challenging the treatment process and changing the attitude of smokers, enhancing their desire to quit smoking. Therefore, smokers are less likely to develop COVID-19, but the rate of transmission, disease severity, and mortality and the need for hospitalization increase in these subjects, and thus treatment will be challenging. Thus, quitting smoking may help improve the function of the respiratory system.

show abstract

Relationship of pancreas volume to tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption following pancreatitis

Cited by 22 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of acute ketosis on lipid profile in prediabetes: findings from a cross-over randomized controlled trial

Effect of acute ketosis on lipid profile in prediabetes: findings from a cross-over randomized controlled trial

Relationship between Habitual Intake of Vitamins and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis

Association Between Tobacco Use and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About