Relationship of rate of lean tissue growth and other factors to concentration of urea in plasma of pigs.

Coma, Julià; Zimmerman, Dean R.; Carrión, D.

doi:10.2527/1995.73123649x

Cited by 58 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study, plasma TP, BUN concentration and lysozyme activity were not affected by the PP supplementation, which may be related to the absence of any effect of the PP mixture on growth performance. Blood BUN concentration was used to monitor the adequacy of dietary amino acids in growing animals and has been suggested as a potential indicator of efficiency of lean tissue growth in pigs (Coma et al, 1995). In our studies, although PP mixtures showed excellent inhibitory activity on bacterial growth in the laboratory, no antimicrobial activity occurred in the faeces or caecum content of piglets throughout the in vivo experimental period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Modulation of Plasma Antioxidant Activity in Weaned Piglets by Plant Polyphenols

Zhang

Jiang

Mantovani

et al. 2014

Italian Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of plant polyphenols (PP) on antioxidant activity in weaned piglets. First, a uniform design, one optimising an experimental technique that can rationally arrange the concentrations of mixture components, was used to obtain the best PP mixture of apple, grape seed, green tea and olive leaf polyphenols based on in vitro antioxidant capacity and inhibitory action on bacterial growth. Second, the optimised PP mixture was tested in vivo with an efficacy trial on piglets. The optimal effects of the mix were observed in vitro when apple, grape seed, green tea, olive leaf polyphenols and a carrier (silicon dioxide) accounted for 16.5, 27.5, 30, 2.5 and 23.5%, respectively, of the mixture. Forty-eight weaned piglets were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments (6 replicates of 4 piglets each per treatment) and fed a control diet (CTR) or CTR supplemented with 0.1% of the optimised PP mixture. Dietary PP did not affect growth performance compared to the CTR group. Plasma total protein, urea nitrogen and lysozyme content were not affected by dietary treatment. No differences of E. coli or Clostridia counts in the faeces and caecum content between the CTR and PP groups were observed. A reduced malondialdehyde concentration in the PP group was observed on day 21 compared to the CTR group (P=0.02). In conclusion, the prepared PP mixture has the potential to improve plasma antioxidant activity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Modulation of Plasma Antioxidant Activity in Weaned Piglets by Plant Polyphenols

Zhang

Jiang

Mantovani

et al. 2014

Italian Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this study, the better growth performance in piglets fed YP diet could be partially explained by the lower concentrations of serum amino acids and urea, which suggested that protein deposition was greater in piglets receiving YP diet. Particularly, urea is the main nitrogenous end product arising from the amino acids catabolism in mammals, systematic concentration of urea is inversely related to protein deposition and FCR (Coma et al 1995), the inadequacy or poor quality of dietary protein can increase serum concentration of urea (Shen et al 2011). In addition, urea concentration has been classically recognized as an indicator of renal function, the lower concentration of serum urea would alleviate the metabolic load of kidney (White et al 1991), which may explain why relative kidney weight in piglets fed YP diet was lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of yeast-derived protein in weanling diet improves growth performance, intestinal health, and anti-oxidative capability of piglets

Hu¹,

Che²,

Su³

et al. 2014

CZECH J ANIM SCI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The effects of yeast-derived protein (YP) on growth performance, intestinal health, and oxidative status of weanling piglets were investigated. A total of 80 weaned piglets (PIC 327 × 1050, 26 ± 2 days old, 6.20 ± 0.10 kg) were randomly allocated into 2 groups, 5 pens per each group and 8 piglets per each pen, receiving control diet and diet with inclusion of 4% YP at the expenses of fish meal (YP diet) for a period of 28 days. The diets were formulated to contain similar nutrient levels. Compared with control, piglets fed YP diet had markedly higher overall average daily growth (+14%, P < 0.05) and lower final feed conversion ratio (−8%, P < 0.01). Concentrations of serum serine, cystathionine, histidine, hydroxyproline, and urea were decreased in piglets fed YP diet (P < 0.05), whereas alanine and aspartate were increased (P < 0.01). Moreover, serum antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase) was markedly increased (+19%, P < 0.01) in piglets fed YP diet relative to piglets fed control diet. In addition, feeding YP diet considerably (P < 0.05) increased the copy numbers of lactobacilli and total bacteria in the colon of piglets at the end of the experiment. Furthermore, the mRNA abundance of innate immunity-related genes (TLR4, NF-κB1, and IL-6) was increased (P < 0.06) in the ileum of piglets fed YP diet. Collectively, results of this study indicated that diet with the inclusion of YP improved growth performance and partially enhanced anti-oxidative capability as well as intestinal innate immunity of weaning piglets.

show abstract

“…In vivo, blood urea N concentration can be inversely related to the efficiency of N utilization (Coma et al, 1995) and is associated with dietary protein intake (Yang et al, 2000). No difference in serum urea was found when Iberian and Landrace gilts fed isonitrogenous diets were compared, although serum urea was diminished when the animals were fed with lower CP diets (Fernández-Fígares et al, 2007).…”

Section: I/g Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic differences in hepatocytes of obese and lean pigs

González-Valero

Rodríguez-López

Lachica

et al. 2014

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are important differences in terms of metabolic activity, energy utilization and capacity of protein and fat deposition when Iberian and modern pigs are compared. Primary culture of hepatocytes was used to evaluate hepatic function and sensitivity to hormones between breeds without the interference of circulating blood factors. Hepatocytes were isolated from pure Iberian (n = 10) and Landrace (n = 8) pigs of similar BW (24.5 ± 12.1 and 32.9 ± 6.1 kg BW, respectively), by collagenase perfusion. Monolayers were established in medium containing fetal bovine serum for 1 day and switched to serum-free medium for the remainder of the culture period. Hepatocytes were maintained in William's E supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol (0.1 mM), glutamine (2 mM), antibiotics (gentamicin, penicillin, streptomycin and amphotericin B), dimethyl sulfoxide (1 µg/ml), dexamethasone (10 −8 M), insulin (0.173 and 17.3 nM) and glucagon (0.287, 2.87 and 28.7 nM) for 24 to 48 h. Gluconeogenesis (GNG), glycogen degradation, triglycerides (TG) content and esterification, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) synthesis, IGF-1 synthesis, albumin and urea synthesis were determined. Iberian pigs had greater capacity of GNG than Landrace (24%, P < 0.05), although no difference in glycogen degradation was found (P > 0.10). TG content and esterification tended to be lower in hepatocytes from Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (12% and 31%, respectively; 0.10 < P < 0.05). Furthermore, addition of free fatty acids (CLA or linoleic acid, 0.2 mM) increased TG content (64%, P < 0.001) although no difference between fatty acids was found. When free fatty acids were compared, a trend toward increased esterification (41%, P = 0.078) was found for CLA. Although glucagon stimulated and insulin inhibited BHB synthesis, no difference between breeds was found (P > 0.10). IGF-1 synthesis was diminished in hepatocytes from Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (16%, P < 0.05). On the contrary, rate of albumin synthesis was greater in Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (58%, P < 0.05). Finally, the capacity of urea synthesis was lower in hepatocytes of Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (37%, P < 0.05). When ammonia was added to the media, urea concentration increased (648%, 1108% and 2791% when 0 mM was compared with 2.5, 5 and 10 mM, respectively). Urea synthesis increased on increasing ammonia content (55% and 325% when 0 mM was compared with 5 and 10 mM, respectively; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, the genetic background accounts for important differences in protein and energy metabolism pathways found in primary culture of hepatocytes from lean and obese pigs.Keywords: hepatocytes, metabolism, pig ImplicationsSeveral studies have shown the existence of numerous dissimilarities in metabolic activity between Iberian and modern pig breeds that might be explained by genotypic differences. Primary hepatocyte cultures are a valuable tool to study specific metabolic liver functions, without the interference of changing levels of metabolites and hormones found in vivo. These...

show abstract

Relationship of rate of lean tissue growth and other factors to concentration of urea in plasma of pigs.

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

Modulation of Plasma Antioxidant Activity in Weaned Piglets by Plant Polyphenols

Modulation of Plasma Antioxidant Activity in Weaned Piglets by Plant Polyphenols

Inclusion of yeast-derived protein in weanling diet improves growth performance, intestinal health, and anti-oxidative capability of piglets

Metabolic differences in hepatocytes of obese and lean pigs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About