Relationship of seminal traits and insemination time to fertilization rate and embryo quality

Saacke, R. G.; Dalton, J.C.; Nadir, S.; Nebel, R.L.; Bame, J.H.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4320(00)00137-8

Cited by 231 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Eyestone and First (1989), and Kjaestad and Stubbings (1992) reported similar findings after using larger, as well as smaller, numbers of sperm for in vitro fertilization. This observation supports the findings of Saacke et al (2000) who also showed that the some of the compensable fertility deficiencies could be corrected by increasing the concentration of sperm in the insemination dose. Although there was no effect of bull on cleavage rate or blastocyst development rate among embryos produced by experimental bulls, cleavage rate was correlated with the increase in acrosome reacted sperm at 4 h incubation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, significant correlations were obtained between the percentage of motile sperm pre-freeze and sperm-zona binding as well as the rates of acrosome reacted sperm at 0 and 4 h incubation. The poor correlation between zona binding and in vitro fertility might indicate that the large number of sperm in the fertilization droplet masks some of the compensable sperm defects of bull on embryo development in vitro (Saacke et al 2000). Either lowering sperm concentration in the insemination dose or reducing the sperm-oocyte co-incubation time might reveal better correlations between these in vitro tests and in vivo fertility (Cormier et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of in vitro tests to predict fertility of bulls

Giritharan¹,

Ramakrishnappa²,

Balendran³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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of in vitro tests to predict fertility of bulls. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: 47-52. The overall objective was to develop an in vitro test to predict fertility of bulls in the field. We investigated the bull effect on in vitro embryo production, zona binding and acrosome reaction, and the correlation of this effect to field fertility measured by 60-90 d non-return rate. Frozen semen from three separate ejaculates of eight unrelated young bulls, obtained from an artificial insemination (AI) center, was used. On thawing, ejaculates from each bull were pooled, motile sperm were selected and (a) subjected to immunofluorescent assay at 0 and 4 h of incubation in capacitation medium to assess acrosome status, (b) used in an in vitro fertilization assay system to assess cleavage and blastocyst production rates, and (c) sperm-zona binding assay was carried out to determine the number of sperm bound to the zona pellucida of mature oocytes. Percentage of pre-freeze motile sperm (PrFM) and non-return rate data were obtained from the AI center. PrFM, percentage of acrosome reacted sperm at 0 h (AR1), increase in percentage of acrosome reacted sperm after 4 h (InAR) and sperm-zona binding rates (ZB) differed (P < 0.05) among sperm samples obtained from different young bulls. Significant correlations (P < 0.05) were observed between PrFM and AR1 (r = -0.31), InAR (r = 0.36), and ZB (r = 0.32). AR1 was negatively correlated to ZB (r = -0.27) and cleavage rate (r = -0.20), InAR was positively correlated with ZB (r = 0.31) and cleavage rate (r = 0.26). None of the in vitro tests was correlated with non-return rate. These findings indicate that along with pre-freeze motility, a combination of in vitro tests including the percentage of spontaneously acrosome reacted sperm at thawing, might be useful in predicting bull field fertility. Such a combination of assays, however, has yet to be determined. (r = 0,26). Aucun test in vitro ne présente de corrélation avec le taux de non-retour. Ces constatations indiquent qu'outre la motilité des spermatozoïdes avant congélation, la combinaison de divers tests in vitro, dont le pourcentage de spermatozoïdes dont l'acrosome réagit spontanément à la décongélation pourrait avoir son utilité pour prédire la fécondité des taureaux sur le terrain. Reste à établir la combinaison de tests qui convient à un tel usage. Mots clés:Fécondité sur le terrain, réaction de l'acrosome, fixation à la zone pellucide, fécondation IV, évaluation de la féconditéArtificial insemination is one of the most successful reproductive technologies developed to improve reproductive efficiency of farm animals, especially dairy cattle. Accurate evaluation of the fertility of bulls used for AI purposes is of utmost importance since a single ejaculate provides several insemination doses and shows much influence on the reproductive potential of a herd (Rodriguez-Martinez and Larsson 1998). Therefore, the basic purpose of semen evaluation procedures is to ensure that only good quality and highly fertile semen is used for AI purposes....

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of in vitro tests to predict fertility of bulls

Giritharan¹,

Ramakrishnappa²,

Balendran³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A morphological examination of spermatozoa is one of important qualitative parameters of ejaculates. An increased percentage of morphologically modified sperm cells may result in impaired fertility (Saacke et al, 2000). A decrease in fertility and the occurrence of pathological sperm cells may be markedly influenced not only by chemical and physical factors but also, and above all, by stress and age of males.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of ejaculate quality and selected biochemical parameters of blood in cockerels of three laying lines

Jarinkovičová¹,

Máchal²,

Máchal³

et al. 2012

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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In domestic fowl (Gallus gallus f. domestica), monitoring of both quantitative and qualitative parameters of ejaculates is an indispensable precondition of successful artificial insemination; on the basis of the obtained results it is then possible to select the individuals that produce sufficient amounts AbstRAct: Ejaculates and blood plasma were sampled from cocks of three laying lines: Barred Plymouth Rock (BPR), Sussex Light (SU), and Rhode Island Red (RIR). Ejaculates and blood plasma were sampled four times during the laying period of hens. The following ejaculate parameters were determined: sperm motility, concentrations of sperm cells, ejaculate volume. Sperm morphology was examined. In the blood samples, concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium were analysed. The motility of spermatozoa of the cocks was 47.0% (BPR), 47.7% (RIR), and 48.3% (SU), respectively. The highest volume of ejaculate was found in BPR line (0.66 cm 3 ), the lowest one in SU line (0.46 cm 3 , P ≤ 0.01); the highest sperm concentration was in SU line (2.46 × 10 6 /mm 3 ), the lowest one in RIR line (1.96 × 10 6 /mm 3 , P ≤ 0.01). The number of morphologically abnormal sperm cells was similar in all lines − 47.0% BPR, 47.7% RIR, and 48.3% SU, respectively. In general, the occurrence of defective spermatozoa was high in all three lines; the most frequent were tail defects (from 20.3 to 29.7%), while sperm cells with developmental anomalies were less frequent (only 0.3 to 0.4%). Calculated phenotypic correlation between sperm motility on the one hand and the occurrence of defective sperm cells on the other was negative (r p = −0.28, P ≤ 0.01), as well as the correlation between sperm motility and sperm numbers, and between sperm motility and ejaculate volume (r p = −0.28, P ≤ 0.01 and r p = −0.31, P ≤ 0.01, respectively). Negative correlations were found between the level of magnesium in blood plasma and numbers of morphologically defective spermatozoa in the ejaculate, defective heads and defective connecting pieces (r p = −0.33, P ≤ 0.01; r p = −0.23, P ≤ 0.05; and r p = −0.26, P ≤ 0.05). Level of magnesium was positively correlated to sperm motility (r p = 0.26, P ≤ 0.05). However, positive correlations existed between concentration of glucose in blood plasma of cocks and numbers of morphologically defective spermatozoa in sampled ejaculates (r p = 0.27, P ≤ 0.01). Our finding is in accordance with the results found in mammals and other animals, and it shows an important role of magnesium as a key contributor to the quality of ejaculate in aviary species, in our case in laying lines of domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus).

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“…It is generally accepted that fertility has decreased in the past 30 yr, especially in high-producing dairy cows, in which conception rates can be as low as 25-40% (Butler 1998). Moreover, recent laboratory studies with large numbers of cattle suggest that fertilization rates can be as low as 80% (Saacke et al 2000).…”

Section: Extent and Timing Of Embryonicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle

Bilodeau‐Goeseels¹,

Kastelic²

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Bilodeau-Goeseels, S. and Kastelic, J. P. 2003. Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 659-671. Embryonic mortality in cattle is the death of the conceptus before Day 42 of pregnancy. Estimates of embryonic mortality varied greatly, ranging from 10 to 40% in first-service cattle to 65% in repeat-breeder cows. This paper reviews endogenous causes of embryonic mortality, including chromosomal abnormalities, inadequate corpus luteum function and the influence of follicular development on fertility. External causes of embryonic mortality, including heat stress and nutrition, are also reviewed; these factors act by modifying the follicular environment (thereby affecting oocyte quality) or by creating a hostile uterine environment. Strategies to reduce embryonic mortality, including good management practices and supplementation with progesterone or interferon-tau, are discussed. From a practical perspective, improved knowledge of the causes of embryonic mortality and regulation of follicular growth and corpus luteum function should result in the development of improved, cost-effective hormonal regimes that effectively synchronize estrus and ovulation and reduce embryonic mortality, thereby benefiting the cattle industry.Key words: Cattle, reproduction, fertility, embryo development, embryo mortality Bilodeau-Goeseels, S. et Kastelic, J. P. 2003. Les facteurs affectant la survie de l'embryon et les stratégies pour réduire la mortalité embryonnaire chez la vache. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 659-671. Chez la vache, la mortalité embryonnaire se définie comme étant la perte de l'embryon avant le Jour 42 de la gestation. Les estimations de la mortalité embryonnaire varient grandement, allant de 10 à 40 % chez les vaches à fertilité normale jusqu'à 65 % chez les vaches à fertilité réduite. L'article que voiçi examine les causes endogènes de la mortalité embryonnaire incluant les anomalies chromosomales, le fonctionnement inadéquat du corpus luteum ainsi que l'influence du développement folliculaire sur la fertilité. Des causes externes telles que le stress thermique et la nutrition sont aussi passées en revue; ces facteurs agissent en modifiant l'environnement folliculaire ce qui conduit à une diminution de la qualité de l'ovocyte; ou en créant un environnement utérin hostile pour l'embryon. Des stratégies pour réduire la mortalité embryonnaire telles que la bonne gestion et la supplémentation avec de la progestérone ou de l'interféron-tau sont aussi discutées. Du point de vue pratique, l'augmentation des connaissances sur les causes de la mortalité embryonnaire ainsi que sur la régulation de la croissance folliculaire et du fonctionnement du corpus luteum permettra le développement de régimes hormonaux améliorés et économiques produisant des hauts niveaux de synchronization de l'estrus et/ou de l'ovulation et qui réduiront la mortalité embryonnaire, ce don't bénéficieront les industries laitières et bovines. Mots clés:Bovin, reproduction, fertilité, dévelo...

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Relationship of seminal traits and insemination time to fertilization rate and embryo quality

Cited by 231 publications

References 50 publications

Development of in vitro tests to predict fertility of bulls

Development of in vitro tests to predict fertility of bulls

Relationship of ejaculate quality and selected biochemical parameters of blood in cockerels of three laying lines

Factors affecting embryo survival and strategies to reduce embryonic mortality in cattle

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