Relationship of the Sweetpotato Whitefly to a New Tomato Fruit Disorder in Florida

Schuster, David J.; Mueller, Thomas; Kring, James B.; Price, J.F.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.25.12.1618

Cited by 102 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Delatte et al 2005Delatte et al , 2006bSseruwagi et al 2005;Zang et al 2006) and as a consequence invasions by genetic groups alien to the region often go undetected until a pest or disease outbreak erupts (e.g. Schuster et al 1990;Peterschmitt et al 1999;Gunning et al 1995;Rekha et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A virus and its vector, pepper yellow leaf curl virus and Bemisia tabaci, two new invaders of Indonesia

et al. 2007

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Bemisia tabaci is a species of sap-sucking insect belonging to the Aleyrodidae and are commonly known as whiteflies. The species is made up of a complex of distinct genetic groups which have a strong geographic pattern to their genetic structure. Two members of this complex known as the B and Q biotypes have proven to be particularly invasive, spreading with the aid of trade in ornamental plants, well beyond their home ranges across the Mediterranean Basin, Middle East and Asia Minor. This study uses DNA microsatellites to identify another biological invasion this time involving a B. tabaci from south east Asia. We provide evidence which supports an invasion sometime between 1994 and 1999 of B. tabaci from central Thailand into the Indonesian islands of Sumatra then Java and Bali. The invasion is also associated with the invasion of pepper yellow leaf curl virus, a begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, which is also shown to have a probable origin in the same geographic region as the invading whitefly. The consequences of the invasion of a plant-infecting virus and its vector has been a massive increase in the scale and impact of begomoviruses in tomato and chilli production which has seen regional bans imposed on the planting of chilli, an important cash crop for many village farmers in Sumatra and Java.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A virus and its vector, pepper yellow leaf curl virus and Bemisia tabaci, two new invaders of Indonesia

et al. 2007

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“…Biotype B of B. tabaci induces a disorder on tomato termed irregular ripening (Schuster et al 1990). The disorder is characterized externally by incomplete or inhibited ripening of fruit and internally by an increase in white tissue.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Evaluation of Products to Reduce Settling of Sweetpotato Whitefly Adults

Schuster¹,

Thompson²,

Ortega³

et al. 2009

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The impact of trademarked and commercial products on settling of adults of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), was studied in the laboratory. A no-choice bioassay using leaf disks of tomato, Solanum esculentum L., was developed to evaluate the impact of concentration series of products on settling of B. tabaci adults. The concentration of each product that would reduce settling by 50% (SC50) was estimated for each product using standard probit analyses, and the values were compared with that of Ultra-Fine Oil, a paraffinic oil product that is known to reduce settling of whitefly adults. Twenty-two trademarked products and 42 other products were evaluated in the laboratory bioassay. Based upon comparisons of fiducial limits of the respective SC50 values, Dawn detergent and E-RASE jojoba oil were the only trademarked products that were as effective as Ultra-Fine Oil in reducing settling of B. tabaci adults. Of the nontrademarked products, 25 were similar to Ultra-Fine Oil, although cedar, geranium, ginger, Hamlin (citrus), patchouli, olive and wintergreen oils, as well as citronellal and limonene, had ratios of respective SC50 values with that of Ultra-Fine Oil of approximately 1.5 or less. Combinations of limonene and citronellal with either olive oil or Ultra-Fine Oil were 15 and 30 times, respectively, more effective than Ultra-Fine Oil alone. Candidate products and combinations of products were further evaluated on tomato seedlings in no-choice screenhouse trials for effects on oviposition and on transmission of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (family Geminiviridae, genus Begomovirus, TYLCV) by B. tabaci. Ultra-Fine Oil and olive oil reduced oviposition and transmission of TYLCV in the screenhouse trials. Ginger oil and limonene reduced oviposition in at least one screenhouse trial but did reduce transmission of TYLCV. The laboratory bioassay provided a rapid and relatively easy method to compare products for reducing settling of B. tabaci adults. Even though the reduced settling indicated in the laboratory bioassays was not always reflected in reduced oviposition or TYLCV transmission in the screenhouse trials, the bioassay was useful in rapidly identifying products that reduce settling and that could be investigated further.

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“…These include a reduction in plant growth and quality caused by the removal of plant assimilates from the phloem during feeding (Buntin et al 1993); the excretion of honeydew, which promotes the growth of sooty mold (Capnodium spp.) on harvestable plant parts Miller 1990 Ellsworth et al 1999); the transmission of various plant viruses (Brown and Nelson 1986); and the development of plant disorders including squash silverleaf (Yokimi et al 1990, Schuster et al 1991) and irregular ripening of tomato fruit (Schuster et al 1990(Schuster et al , 1996. The direct effects of feeding damage by the Bemisia whiteßies on plant growth and yield have been shown in several crops grown in the desert cropping systems of Arizona and California including lettuce (Costa et al 1993, caulißower Coates 1996, Natwick et al 1996), cantaloupe Sanchez 1995, Riley and, and cotton Meade 1994, Naranjo et al 1998).…”

Section: Whiteflies Bemisia Argentifoliimentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of <I>Bemisia</I> Whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Alfalfa Growth, Forage Yield, and Quality

Palumbo¹,

Toscano²,

Blua³

et al. 2000

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A 3-yr project was initiated in 1993 to examine the effects of insecticides and sustained whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring [aka. B tabaci Gennadius (Strain B)], feeding on alfalfa plant growth and vigor in greenhouse cage studies, and to determine the impact of natural Bemisia whitefly populations on alfalfa forage yields and quality in a large-plot field experiment. Alfalfa plant growth and vigor after exposure to imidacloprid and a mixture of fenpropathrin and acephate insecticides did not differ from untreated plants in the greenhouse. Consequently, foliar and soil applied insecticides were used to manipulate whitefly densities on alfalfa plants to measure whitefly feeding effects on plant growth and forage yield. Heavy whitefly densities on untreated alfalfa plants in the greenhouse resulted in significant reductions in relative growth rates and net assimilation rates as compared with imidacloprid-treated plants that were maintained relatively whitefly-free. Reductions in alfalfa plant growth measured between infested and treated plants were proportional to whitefly densities. Field plot results derived from three crop seasons were relatively consistent with our greenhouse trials. Both experimental approaches clearly showed that alfalfa plants exposed to high densities of whitefly immatures and adults grew at a significantly slower rate and produced less foliage. As a result of reduced growth rates, alfalfa maturity in the naturally infested plots was estimated to be approximately 7-10 d behind managed plots. Delays in maturity resulted in significant reductions in forage yields of 13-18% during August-September harvests when whitefly populations reached peak abundance. Whitefly feeding stresses also effected hay quality through the reduction of crude protein content and contamination of foliage with honeydew and sooty mold. The status of the Bemisia whiteflies as an economic pest to alfalfa is clearly evident from these studies, but the damage potential of whiteflies in the southwestern United States appears to be restricted to one or two harvest periods during the summer coinciding with peak adult populations and their dispersal from alternate host crops.

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Relationship of the Sweetpotato Whitefly to a New Tomato Fruit Disorder in Florida

Cited by 102 publications

References 0 publications

A virus and its vector, pepper yellow leaf curl virus and Bemisia tabaci, two new invaders of Indonesia

A virus and its vector, pepper yellow leaf curl virus and Bemisia tabaci, two new invaders of Indonesia

Laboratory Evaluation of Products to Reduce Settling of Sweetpotato Whitefly Adults

Impact of <I>Bemisia</I> Whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Alfalfa Growth, Forage Yield, and Quality

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