Relationships between bioavailable energy estimates made with pigs and cockerels

Sibbald, I. R.; Hall, David; Wolynetz, M. S.; Fernández, José A.; Jørgensen, Henry

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(90)90057-f

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most of the earlier studies were based on a collection period of less than 48 h, which may result in high TME values for some feeds. The AME and TME values reported here for flax meal were similar to published values (Sibbald, 1977a;Sibbald et al, 1990;Allen, 1990). The TME n of flax seed was reported in an earlier study as 3.96 kcal/g, which was .20 kcal/g higher than the present study (Barbour and Sim, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The AME and TME values reported herein fall within the range of values published for canola meal (Clandinin and Robblee, 1983;Salmon, 1984a,b;Askbrant, 1988;Sibbald et al, 1990) and canola seed (Sibbald and Price, 1977;Salmon, 1984a,b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…A review by Clandinin and Robblee (1983) summarized that TME and AME n of low glucosinolate canola meal were 1.99 to 2.36 kcal/g and 1.73 to 2.17 kcal/g, respectively. A metabolizable energy value of 1.92 kcal/g (Askbrant, 1988) and TME values of 2.20 to 2.53 kcal/g (Salmon, 1984a;Askbrant, 1988;Sibbald, et al, 1990) have also been suggested for canola meal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Availability of Full-Fat Seeds, Meals, and Oils of Flax and Canola

Lee

Sim

1995

Poultry Science

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The TME, true amino acid availability (TAAA), AME, and apparent amino acid availability (AAAA) were determined in full-fat seeds, meals, oils, and meal-oil mixtures of flax and canola using Single Comb White Leghorn roosters by the force feeding and total excreta collection assay. The metabolizable energy values were corrected to zero nitrogen balance to obtain AMEn and TMEn. The AMEn and TMEn contents of canola seed (4.46 and 4.56 kcal/g) were respectively higher (P < .05) than those of flax seed (3.75 and 3.75 kcal/g). Flax meal contains contents of AMEn (2.07 kcal/g) and TMEn (2.07 kcal/g) similar to those (1.98 and 2.09 kcal/g) of canola meal. There were no differences in AMEn and TMEn values between flax oil (8.10 and 8.28 kcal/g) and canola oil (8.25 and 8.46 kcal/g). No differences were observed among AME, AMEn, TME, and TMEn values within each test ingredient except canola meal: its TME value was higher (P < .05) than its AMEn value. The TAAA values were higher for full-fat seeds than for the meals and also higher for canola seed and meal than for flax seed and meal. The AAAA values, although lower than TAAA values, followed similar patterns as TAAA values. Both AAAA and TAAA values were higher when the ingredients were fed with a basal diet than when fed alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Availability of Full-Fat Seeds, Meals, and Oils of Flax and Canola

Lee

Sim

1995

Poultry Science

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“…However, in this study the highest caecal concentrations of VFA were detected when oats diets were fed to older birds. If Effect of age of growing turkeys on digestion 197 caecal fermentation can be considered as an indicator of good feed utilization, this data confirms the fact known in practice and shown e.g., by Sibbald et al (1990) and Jørgensen et al (1996) in broilers, that utilization of oats in (gallinaceous) poultry is better than one could assume on the basis of its crude fibre content.…”

Section: Volatile Fatty Acids In Caecal Digestasupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of age of growing turkeys on digesta viscosity and nutrient digestibility of maize, wheat, barley and oats fed as such or with enzyme supplementation

Palander¹,

Näsi²,

Järvinen³

2005

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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The effects of age of growing turkeys and beta-glucanase-xylanase activity-containing feed enzyme supplementation on digestibility and feeding value of pelleted maize, wheat, barley and oats were investigated in growing turkeys using excreta collection and ileal sampling by slaughter. Excreta were collected and turkeys were slaughtered at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age. Viscosity of jejuno-duodenal digesta, caecal volatile fatty acid concentration, ileal crude protein digestibility, total tract fat digestibility and AMEN were assayed using titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. The highest viscosities were observed in barley and wheat. Viscosity of wheat, barley and oats digesta decreased while caecal volatile fatty acid concentration, fat digestibility and AMEN increased with age. Ileal crude protein digestibility was highest in wheat and lowest in barley. Ileal crude protein digestibility significantly declined with age in most feeding treatments. Enzyme reduced digesta viscosity most efficiently in wheat and barley and improved ileal crude protein digestibility, total tract fat digestibility and AMEN in wheat, barley and oats, but interactions occurred, the effect of enzyme on viscosity being the most remarkable for wheat and barley and for the young birds.

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“…A close relationship ( R 2 = 0.939) was found between the true ME of five samples of low-fiber cereals determined in cockerels and apparent DE determined in growing pig, whereas the ME values of high-fiber cereal (oat) differed greatly between the two species [48]. Lack of correlation ( R 2 = 0.03) between apparent ME of 39 barleys determined in chickens and DE measured in pigs was reported by Zijstra et al [49] and a rather low correlation ( R 2 = 0.697) between ME values of 70 feedstuffs and 14 mixed feeds determined in both species was found by Sibbald et al [50]. The correlations were increased when barley diets fed to birds were supplemented with ß-glucanase ( R 2 = 0.56) [49] and when fiber content was included into the equations ( R 2 = 0.699, 0.858, 0.923 and 0.833 vs. 0.697, 0.775, 0.885 and 0.710, respectively) in the study of Sibbald et al [50].…”

Section: Alternative Methods Applied In Feed Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alternative prediction methods of protein and energy evaluation of pig feeds

Święch

2017

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Precise knowledge of the actual nutritional value of individual feedstuffs and complete diets for pigs is important for efficient livestock production. Methods of assessment of protein and energy values in pig feeds have been briefly described. In vivo determination of protein and energy values of feeds in pigs are time-consuming, expensive and very often require the use of surgically-modified animals. There is a need for more simple, rapid, inexpensive and reproducible methods for routine feed evaluation. Protein and energy values of pig feeds can be estimated using the following alternative methods: 1) prediction equations based on chemical composition; 2) animal models as rats, cockerels and growing pigs for adult animals; 3) rapid methods, such as the mobile nylon bag technique and in vitro methods. Alternative methods developed for predicting the total tract and ileal digestibility of nutrients including amino acids in feedstuffs and diets for pigs have been reviewed. This article focuses on two in vitro methods that can be used for the routine evaluation of amino acid ileal digestibility and energy value of pig feeds and on factors affecting digestibility determined in vivo in pigs and by alternative methods. Validation of alternative methods has been carried out by comparing the results obtained using these methods with those acquired in vivo in pigs. In conclusion, energy and protein values of pig feeds may be estimated with satisfactory precision in rats and by the two- or three-step in vitro methods providing equations for the calculation of standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids and metabolizable energy content. The use of alternative methods of feed evaluation is an important way for reduction of stressful animal experiments.

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Relationships between bioavailable energy estimates made with pigs and cockerels

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Availability of Full-Fat Seeds, Meals, and Oils of Flax and Canola

Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Availability of Full-Fat Seeds, Meals, and Oils of Flax and Canola

Effect of age of growing turkeys on digesta viscosity and nutrient digestibility of maize, wheat, barley and oats fed as such or with enzyme supplementation

Alternative prediction methods of protein and energy evaluation of pig feeds

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