Relationships between Caries Bacteria, Host Responses, and Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Pulpitis

Hahn, Chin‐Lo; Liewehr, Frederick R.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2006.11.008

Cited by 142 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…This result is in agreement with those reported in other studies that correlated caries with symptomatic pulpitis (17,18). The significant clinical factor for periapical pain was open pulp chamber, which may be explained because of the continuous root canal contamination that promotes polymicrobial infection, increases the number of microorganisms (15,16), and favors bacterial synergism (16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The higher frequency of odontogenic pain indicated the occurrence of symptomatic pulpitis and apical periodontitis of infectious origin. These common symptomatic diseases are caused by microorganisms, as previously described (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Khabbaz et al (18) determined the presence or absence of endotoxins in the superficial and deep layers of carious lesions of symptomatic and asymptomatic teeth with vital pulps, measured the amount of endotoxin, and associated the presence of endotoxins with the acute pulpal pain caused by irreversible pulpitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaluation of pain perception by qualitative and quantitative methods has been carefully discussed (2,8). Whilst some studies have investigated the incidence of pain and its correlation with clinical factors during and after root canal treatment (13,14), others have determined the association of periapical and pulpal symptoms with bacteria, enzymes and toxins (15)(16)(17)(18). Few epidemiological studies have focused on urgencies that occur before the beginning of endodontic treatment (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic and clinical factors associated with pulpal and periapical pain

et al. 2011

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A retrospective survey was designed to identify diagnostic subgroups and clinical factors associated with odontogenic pain and discomfort in dental urgency patients. A consecutive sample of 1,765 patients seeking treatment for dental pain at the Urgency Service of the Dental School of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil, was selected. Inclusion criteria were pulpal or periapical pain that occurred before dental treatment (minimum 6 months after the last dental appointment), and the exclusion criteria were teeth with odontogenic developmental anomalies and missing information or incomplete records. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed to assess clinical presentation of pain complaints including origin, duration, frequency and location of pain, palpation, percussion and vitality tests, radiographic features, endodontic diagnosis and characteristics of teeth. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze association between pulpal and periapical pain and independent variables. The most frequent endodontic diagnosis of pulpal pain were symptomatic pulpitis (28.3%) and hyperreactive pulpalgia (14.4%), and the most frequent periapical pain was symptomatic apical periodontitis of infectious origin (26.4%). Regression analysis revealed that closed pulp chamber and caries were highly associated with pulpal pain and, conversely, open pulp chamber was associated with periapical pain (p<0.001). Endodontic diagnosis and local factors associated with pulpal and periapical pain suggest that the important clinical factor of pulpal pain was closed pulp chamber and caries, and of periapical pain was open pulp chamber.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic and clinical factors associated with pulpal and periapical pain

et al. 2011

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“…Although various components of Gram-negative bacteria can activate many immunomodulating receptors (Akira et al, 2006), analysis of our RNA-silencing data affirms a prominent role of TLR4 in the activation of odontoblast responses to these bacteria. These results are shown in both hOD clones and are also supported by: (1) our previous findings in human odontoblasts maintained in natural teeth (Veerayutthwilai et al, 2007); and (2) previous clinical data showing that the recovery of Gramnegative bacteria (e.g., Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Fusobacterium) and their LPS from caries lesions was closely associated with pain and thermal hypersensitivity, which strongly indicates an extensive underlying pulpitis (Hahn et al, 1991(Hahn et al, , 1993Massey et al, 1993;Khabbaz et al, 2000;Hahn and Liewehr, 2007).…”

Section: Tlr4 Silencing Diminished Odontoblast Immune Responses To Grsupporting

confidence: 85%

TGF-β1 Inhibits TLR-mediated Odontoblast Responses to Oral Bacteria

et al. 2009

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A supplemental appendix to this article is published electronically only at http://jdr.sagepub.com/supplemental. ABSTRACT TGF-β1 exerts diverse functions in tooth development and tissue repair, but its role in microbial defenses of the tooth is not well-understood. Odontoblasts extending their cellular processes into the dentin are the first cells to recognize signals from TGF-β1 and bacteria in carious dentin. This study aimed to determine the role of TGF-β1 in modulating odontoblast responses to oral bacteria. We show that these responses depend upon the expression levels of microbial recognition receptors TLR2 and TLR4 on the cell surface. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum activated both TLRs, but TLR4 played a greater role. Lack of cell-surface TLR2 was associated with poor response to Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus casei. TGF-β1 inhibited TLR2 and TLR4 expression and attenuated odontoblast responses. Our findings suggest that the balance between TLR-mediated inflammation and TGF-β1 anti-inflammatory activity plays an important role in pulpal inflammation.

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“…Common virulence factors among the Gramnegative bacteria are endotoxins (whose biologically active components are lipopolysaccharides, LPS) and among the Gram-positive bacteria it is the lipoteichoic acid (3,4). Both LPS and lipoteichoic acid bind to the CD14 co-receptor, which is a 55-kDa glycoprotein (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary sCD14 as a potential biomarker of dental caries activity in adults

Prester

Protrka²,

Macan

et al. 2017

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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CD14 is a co-receptor involved in the recognition of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, the latter known to cause dental caries. The aim of this study was to determine whether soluble CD14 (sCD14) in saliva was associated with caries activity and the collection method from the saliva. The study included 55 participants aged 20 to 40 years, 30 with dental caries and 25 caries-free controls. We collected 110 saliva samples in total, 55 of resting saliva and 55 of mechanically stimulated saliva. Median levels of sCD14, measured with a matrix-matched enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were higher in the caries-active than in the caries-free group in either resting (203.3 vs.167.9 ng mL ; P<0.01). Hyposalivation was observed only in the caries-active group (10 and 13 % in stimulated and resting saliva, respectively). Higher salivary sCD14 levels and secretion rates were clearly associated with dental caries and resting saliva. Future studies should focus on the clinical utility of salivary sCD14 as a potential biomarker and predictor of future caries events.

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Relationships between Caries Bacteria, Host Responses, and Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Pulpitis

Cited by 142 publications

References 151 publications

Diagnostic and clinical factors associated with pulpal and periapical pain

Diagnostic and clinical factors associated with pulpal and periapical pain

TGF-β1 Inhibits TLR-mediated Odontoblast Responses to Oral Bacteria

Salivary sCD14 as a potential biomarker of dental caries activity in adults

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