Relationships between grip strength, dexterity, and fine hand use are          attenuated by age in children 3 to 13 years-of-age

Bohannon, Richard W.; Wang, Ying-Chih; Noonan, Catherine

doi:10.1589/jpts.31.382

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Correlation of grip strength with dexterity has previously been reported in healthy adults 46 and children 47 measured with the 9HPT, but not when evaluated by FDT. 48 In the MM group, dominant 9HPT weakly correlated with dominant gross grasp (r = 0.33, p = 0.04, n = 40), but did not correlate with dominant pinch strength (r = 0.22, p = 0.30, n = 25).…”

Section: Dexterity Assessments Showed Significant Deficits In Mitochondrial Myopathymentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of a Mitochondrial Myopathy‐Composite Assessment Tool

Flickinger

Fan

Wellik

et al. 2021

JCSM Clinical Reports

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Background‘Mitochondrial Myopathy’ (MM) refers to genetically‐confirmed Primary Mitochondrial Disease (PMD) that predominantly impairs skeletal muscle function. Validated outcome measures encompassing core MM domains of muscle weakness, muscle fatigue, imbalance, impaired dexterity, and exercise intolerance do not exist. The goal of this study was to validate clinically‐meaningful, quantitative outcome measures specific to MM.MethodsThis was a single centre study. Objective measures evaluated included hand‐held dynamometry, balance assessments, Nine Hole Peg Test (9HPT), Functional Dexterity Test (FDT), 30 second Sit to Stand (30s STS), and 6‐minute walk test (6MWT). Results were assessed as z‐scores, with < −2 standard deviations considered abnormal. Performance relative to the North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) of functional mobility was assessed by Pearson's correlation.ResultsIn genetically‐confirmed MM participants [n = 59, mean age 21.6 ± 13.9 (range 7 – 64.6 years), 44.1% male], with nuclear gene aetiologies, n = 18/59, or mitochondrial (mtDNA) aetiologies, n = 41/59, dynamometry measurements demonstrated both proximal [dominant elbow flexion (−2.6 ± 2.1, mean z‐score ± standard deviation, SD), hip flexion (−2.5 ± 2.3), and knee flexion (−2.8 ± 1.3)] and distal muscle weakness [wrist extension (−3.4 ± 1.7), palmar pinch (−2.5 ± 2.8), and ankle dorsiflexion (−2.4 ± 2.5)]. Balance [Tandem Stance (TS) Eyes Open (−3.2 ± 8.8, n = 53) and TS Eyes Closed (−2.6 ± 2.7, n = 52)] and dexterity [FDT (−5.9 ± 6.0, n = 44) and 9HPT (−8.3 ± 11.2, n = 53)] assessments also revealed impairment. Exercise intolerance was confirmed by strength‐based 30s STS test (−2.0 ± 0.8, n = 38) and mobility‐based 6MWT mean z‐score (−2.9 ± 1.3, n = 46) with significant decline in minute distances (slope −0.9, p = 0.03, n = 46). Muscle fatigue was quantified by dynamometry repetitions with strength decrement noted between first and sixth repetitions at dominant elbow flexors (−14.7 ± 2.2%, mean ± standard error, SEM, n = 21). All assessments were incorporated in the MM‐Composite Assessment Tool (MM‐COAST). MM‐COAST composite score for MM participants was 1.3 ± 0.1 (n = 53) with a higher score indicating greater MM disease severity, and correlated to NSAA (r = −0.64, p < 0.0001, n = 52) to indicate clinical meaning. Test–retest reliability of MM‐COAST assessments in an MM subset (n = 14) revealed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.59–0.92) indicating good reliability.ConclusionsWe have developed and successfully validated a MM‐specific Composite Assessment Tool to quantify the key domains of MM, shown to be abnormal in a Definite MM cohort. MM‐COAST may hold particular utility as a meaningful outcome measure in future MM intervention trials.

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Section: Dexterity Assessments Showed Significant Deficits In Mitochondrial Myopathymentioning

confidence: 89%

Development of a Mitochondrial Myopathy‐Composite Assessment Tool

Flickinger

Fan

Wellik

et al. 2021

JCSM Clinical Reports

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“…Hand-held dynamometer tests were used to find out the handgrip strength and handgrip endurance in children, 9- There are some studies that show a negative correlation between BMI and HGS and some studies show a positive correlation between BMI and HGE. Bohannon RW et al [31] concluded that as moderate to strong relationships between grip strength and dexterity and fine hand use are attenuated by age in children of 3 to 13 years, they cannot recommend the use of anyone measure over others to characterize the motor function of the hand. Mohammed T.A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Low BMI on Handgrip Strength, Handgrip Endurance and Hand Dexterity in School Going Children- A Pilot Study

Roshan

-²,

Likhitha

2021

Int J Sci Healthcare Res

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Introduction: The hand is the most dynamic and interactive part of the upper limb in humans and performing the complex tasks of daily living activities. The health problems due to less-than-optimal nutritional status in primary school-age children are among the most common causes of low school enrolment, high absenteeism, early dropout, and unsatisfactory classroom performance. Purpose: To compare handgrip strength, handgrip endurance, and hand dexterity in 6–12 years children with low and normal body mass index. Methodology: This pilot study was conducted among children with normal development. The age group included in the study was 6-12 years. The estimated sample 25 in each group. Participants underwent initial assessment, where height and weight were measured. To measure handgrip strength and handgrip endurance baseline hydraulic hand dynamometer and hand dexterity were assessed using a 9-hole pegboard, the participants were asked to perform three successful trials, and the mean of it was obtained. Results: Result shows that there was a significant difference between handgrip strength with BMI, with p< 0.01and no significant difference between handgrip endurance and hand dexterity with p>0.05 in children. Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that 6-12-year-old children had a significant difference in handgrip strength of the dominant and non-dominant hand between low BMI and normal BMI children. With further research, it is important to find and compare the differences in a larger population. Keywords: Body mass index, dominant hand, handgrip strength, handgrip endurance, hand dexterity, non-dominant hand.

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“…The HGS (kg) was assessed using a Jamar® hydraulic hand dynamometer (Patterson Medical, IL, USA) in standardized position (table 1) adopted from Ploegmakers et al 2013 with the handle in second position unless this was not comfortable for the participant 37,38 . Four muscle groups' MVIC's (Newton)…”

Section: Dynamometrymentioning

confidence: 99%