Relationships between hostility and physiological 
coronary heart disease risk factors in young adults: 
the moderating influence of depressive tendencies

Ravaja, Niklas; Kauppinen, Timo M.; Keltikangas‐Järvinen, Liisa

doi:10.1017/s0033291700001720

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Resistant arterial hypertension has been described in subjects exhibiting panic and hostile behavior [20,21]. Impotence, with or without concurrent alcohol abuse -a problem often difficult to detect in clinical practice-has also been observed in association with depressive states [22,23].…”

Section: Morbid Conditions Associated With Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and cardiovascular disease: a reciprocal relationship

Plante¹

2005

Metabolism

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Section: Morbid Conditions Associated With Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and cardiovascular disease: a reciprocal relationship

Plante¹

2005

Metabolism

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“…En una línea similar, Ravaja et al (2000) examinaron la posibilidad de que la relación entre la hostilidad y ciertos factores fisiológicos de riesgo de la EAC pudiera variar en función de las tendencias depresivas. Los factores fisiológicos estudiados fueron la presión sanguínea (sistólica y diastólica), y los niveles en suero de lipoproteínas de alta y baja densidad, y triglicéridos.…”

Section: Ansiedad Y Evolución De La Eacunclassified

Papel de las emociones negativas en el trastono cardiovascular : un análisis crítico

Sandín¹

2002

RPPC

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En el presente estudio se revisa brevemente la literatura sobre la relación entre las emociones negativas y la enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC). Numerosos estudios longitudinales y retrospectivos han puesto de relieve que la hostilidad y los síntomas o síndro-mes de ansiedad y depresión están positivamente relacionados con el inicio de la EAC o con la evolución clínica una vez que la EAC se ha producido. La depresión se ha relacionado de forma clara y consistente con la morbilidad y mortalidad asociados a la EAC, con independencia de la gravedad de la enfermedad y otros factores de riesgo. La evidencia sobre el papel de la depresión en el comienzo del la EAC es menos consistente, si bien un componente de la depresión, conocido como «agotamiento vital», podría estar particularmente involucrado. Existe evidencia preliminar y consistente sobre la implicación de la ansiedad en el inicio y evolución clínica de la EAC. Los datos sobre una posible asociación entre la hostilidad y el inicio de la EAC son limitados pero sugestivos. No existe evidencia fiable sobre la relación entre la hostilidad y el curso (evolución clínica) de la EAC. Existe información adicional que sugiere una estrecha relación entre la depresión (y/o ansiedad) y la calidad de vida en los pacientes que han sufrido infarto de miocardio. La no consideración de las relaciones que pueden darse entre los tres tipos de emociones podría explicar algunas de las inconsistencias que se han encontrado en la investigación sobre las emociones negativas y el trastorno cardiovascular.Palabras clave: ansiedad, depresión, hostilidad, emoción negativa, enfermedad arterial coronaria, infarto de miocardio, estrés. Negative emotions in cardiovascular disorder: A critical analysisThis study briefly reviews the literature on relationship between negative emotions and coronary heart disease (CHD). Numerous longitudinal and retrospective studies have found that hostility and symptoms or syndromes of anxiety and depression are positively related to the onset of CHD or to outcomes after CHD is manifest. Depression has been shown to be clearly related to morbidity and mortality after CHD, independent of disease severity and other risk factors. Evidence for a role of depression in the onset of CHD is quite mixed, although the «vital exhaustion» component could be relevant. Evidence that anxiety is involved in the onset of CHD as well as in outcomes after CHD is preliminary but strong. Evidence for an association between hostility and CHD is limited but suggestive. Hostility is not reliably related to morbidity or mortality after CHD. In addition, depression (and/or anxiety) after myocardial infarction appear to be powerfully related to later overall quality of life among survivors. Disregard of relationships between the three emotions may explain some unresolved issues and nuil findings in the research on negative emotions and cardiovascular disorder.

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Section: Depression: the MIX Beyond The Negative Affectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intriguingly, as it has been pointed out by Suls and Bunde, there is an appreciable construct and measurement overlap across anger, anxiety, and depression, which creates ambiguity both for theory testing and for interpretation of available evidence (Suls and Bunde 2005). Ravaja et al, have proposed that depression would be a moderator of the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and anger (Ravaja, Kauppinen et al 2000). They reported a negative association between hostility and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with high depressive tendencies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported a negative association between hostility and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with high depressive tendencies. Patients with severe depression and lack of anger or hostility would represent the most severe form of exhaustion where the individual had "given-up" (Ravaja, Kauppinen et al 2000).Irritability has been considered a diagnostic feature of MDD in children and adolescents (American Psychiatric Association 1994). Actually, a hostile depressive subtype has been proposed in 1966 (Overall, Hollister et al 1966).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

Torquato¹,

Souza²,

Iosifescu³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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The mix of concepts: Hostility, anger, aggression and other negative affectOver the past decades, a large number of studies have investigated the association between negative affect and coronary heart disease (CHD). Many were cross-sectional case-control studies, which have been criticized for the recall bias of the CHD diagnosis and for the memory distortion (Chida and Steptoe 2009). More recently, several prospective longitudinal studies with more rigorous methodology have also been developed. Notwithstanding, results from this studies are not homogeneous, with both positive and negative results. Although more rigorous in their methodology, the prospective studies use www.intechopen.com Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors 416 diverse and partially overlapping concepts to define negative affect associated with CHD (Table 1). Since each study analyzes only a single psychological construct at a time and since these concepts are only partially overlapping, it is not surprising to note the conflicting results in the literature. In addition, the single-factor approach ignores the clustering of psychosocial risk factors for physical disease, which may act synergistically (Suls and Bunde 2005). Another view, from a twin-designed study, is that some of this negative affect concepts may have a single common genetic factor and a nonshared environmental factor, i.e., enviroments uncorrelated between twins, such as accidents. (Raynor, Pogue-Geile et al. 2002). Type Some authors have proposed that anger, hostility and aggression should be considered a syndrome and other include anger and hostility in the concept of aggression. For others, hostility is characterized by interrelated elements of cynical beliefs and attributions, angry emotional states, and aggressive or antagonistic behaviors. Martin et al. advocate for the standardization of these concepts emphasizing that anger corresponds to affect, aggression to behavior, and hostility (or cynicism) to cognition. Together the three constructs form a three-factor "ABC" model of trait anger (Martin, Watson et al. 2000).Aside from hostility, anger and aggression, VE and distressed personality are more complex concepts. Although they overlap partially, these constructs include specific patterns and aspects not captured by general scales for hostility, anger and aggression. Last but not least, the concept of negative affectivity posits that these symptoms represent markers of a trait www.intechopen.com Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease 417 characterized by hypersensitivity to negative stimuli (Watson and Clark 1984) and the concept of negative emotions postulate the existence of a continuum across these affective states. Depression: The mix beyond the negative affectsBeyond negative affect, depression and, secondarily, anxiety have the strongest evidence for associations with CHD, even after controlling for traditional CHD risk factors, such as serum cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking. Intriguingly, as it ...

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Relationships between hostility and physiological coronary heart disease risk factors in young adults: the moderating influence of depressive tendencies

Cited by 22 publications

References 92 publications

Depression and cardiovascular disease: a reciprocal relationship

Depression and cardiovascular disease: a reciprocal relationship

Papel de las emociones negativas en el trastono cardiovascular : un análisis crítico

Anger, Hostility and Other Forms of Negative Affect: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease

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