Relationships between serum adiponectin levels versus bone mineral density, bone metabolic markers, and vertebral fractures in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Although, adiponectin might be associated with bone metabolism, the relationships between serum adiponectin and bone mineral density (BMD) as well as vertebral fracture in type 2 diabetes are still unclear. Objective and methods: We investigated the relationships between each of serum total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin versus BMD, bone markers, and the presence of vertebral fractures in a total of 231 men and 170 post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Results: Multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, duration of diabetes, BMI, serum creatinine, and HbA 1c showed that serum total adiponectin was negatively correlated with BMD at the total, lumbar spine, and femoral neck (rZK0.165, P!0.05; rZK0.187, P!0.05; and rZK0.136, P!0.05 respectively) and positively with urinary N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type-I collagen in men (rZ0.148, P!0.05), and that serum HMW adiponectin was negatively correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine (rZK0.146, P!0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for the parameters described above showed that total adiponectin was associated with the presence of vertebral fractures in men (odds ratio (OR)Z1.396, 95% confidential interval (CI) 1.020-1.911 per S.D. increase, P!0.05), and both total and HMW adiponectin were associated with moderate or severe vertebral fractures (ORZ1.709, 95% CI 1.048-2.787 per S.D. increase, P!0.05 and ORZ1.810, 95% CI 1.112-2.946 per S.D. increase, P!0.05 respectively), but not in post-menopausal women. Conclusions: Serum adiponectin could be associated with BMD and turnover and clinically useful for assessing the risk of vertebral fractures in type 2 diabetic men.

High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden

“…Two other studies have shown a significant association between vertebral fracture and adiponectin in men. (17,23) In contrast, Michaelsson and colleagues (26) could not demonstrate a significant association after an extended follow-up of 15 years. Thus far no studies have shown a relationship between adiponectin and fracture risk in women.…”

“…In the present study, serum adiponectin was inversely correlated to BMD at any site as found in other studies. (17,23,25,26) After adjustment for total hip BMD, the association between serum adiponectin persisted although the GR was somewhat decreased (1.33; 95% CI, 1.12-1.58). These data suggest that adiponectin has almost the same predictive value as BMD, and is only in part dependent on BMD.…”

“…Thus far no studies have shown a relationship between adiponectin and fracture risk in women. (17,23,24) The mechanism to account for the association between serum adiponectin and fracture risk is unknown. The present study was not designed to address this but suggests that the association is independent of BMD.…”

“…(12,22) In one of these studies, the lack of an independent association of adiponectin with BMD assessed using pQCT at the tibia in 320 adult men contrasted to opposite findings in 271 women reported in the same study. (12) Thus, although there is some biological and epidemiologic evidence suggesting that adiponectin is a risk factor for low bone mass, results are inconsistent, and evidence that serum adiponectin values might be a risk factor for future fracture are limited to two cross-sectional (23,24) and three prospective studies (17,25,26) with divergent results. The aim of the present study was to prospectively investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin and fracture risk in elderly men in Sweden.…”

Aging human body: changes in bone, muscle and body fat with consequent changes in nutrient intake

“…This undercarboxylated osteocalcin was shown to stimulate pancreatic β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion via embryonic stemcell phosphatase expressed in osteoblast and thus positively modulate energy metabolism (Kanazawa et al 2009, Karsenty & Ferron 2012.…”