Relationships between the Abundance of Abies sachalinensis Juveniles and Site Conditions in Selection Forests of Central Hokkaido, Japan

Owari, Toshiaki

doi:10.15684/formath.12.1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The south-facing aspect, which corresponds to increased light availability in the Northern Hemisphere, facilitates the growth of light-demanding species in disturbed areas (Vodde et al 2010). The slope aspect can also affect the abundance of advanced regeneration in forest floors; similarly, Owari (2013) showed that A. sachaliensis saplings were abundant on southwestern slopes. Regeneration from saplings enables fast recovery of canopy height after wind disturbance, which could cause greater heights on south-facing slopes (Fig.…”

Section: Impact Of Salvage Logging Pre-windthrow Attributes and Geogr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The 30-year impact of post-windthrow management on the forest regeneration process in northern Japan

Morimoto

Hotta

et al. 2023

Landscape Ecol Eng

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The frequency and intensity of typhoons are expected to increase over time due to climate change. These changes may expose forests to more windthrow in the future, and increasing the resilience of hemiboreal forests through forest management after windthrow is important. Here, we quantified forest structure recovery using aerial photos and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data after catastrophic windthrow events. Our aims are to test the following three hypotheses: (1) forest structure will not recover within 30 years after windthrow, (2) forest recovery will be affected not only by salvaging but also pre-windthrow attributes and geographical features, and (3) various post-windthrow management including salvaging will drastically alter tree species composition and delay forest recovery. Our results revealed that hypothesis (1) and (2) were supported and (3) was partially supported. The ordination results suggested that more than 30 years were needed to recover canopy tree height after windthrow in hemiboreal forests in Hokkaido, Japan. Salvage logging did not delay natural succession, but it significantly decreased the cover ratio of conifer species sites (0.107 ± 0.023) compared with natural succession sites (0.310 ± 0.091). The higher the elevation, the steeper the site, and the higher the average canopy height before windthrow, the slower the recovery of forest stands after windthrow and salvaging. Scarification and planting after salvage logging significantly increased the number of canopy trees, but those sites differed completely in species composition from the old growth forests. Our study thus determined that the choice and intensity of post-disturbance management in hemiboreal forests should be carefully considered based on the management purpose and local characteristics.

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Section: Impact Of Salvage Logging Pre-windthrow Attributes and Geogr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The 30-year impact of post-windthrow management on the forest regeneration process in northern Japan

Morimoto

Hotta

et al. 2023

Landscape Ecol Eng

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“…Such processes include geographical heterogeneity of snowpack depth along gradients in slope and aspect. Regeneration of coniferous trees in Hokkaido has been suppressed by the pathogenic fungus Racodium therryanum (or Herpotrichia juniperi ), which has caused serious snow blight disease on the trunk under the snowpack (Cheng & Igarashi, 1990; Owari, 2012). In contrast, a diminished snowpack would increase the mortality of trees by soil freezing and/or accelerating variability in the winter temperature, and this increase is generally higher for evergreen coniferous trees than for deciduous trees and grasses (Bokhorst et al, 2018), although the cause for this difference is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing spatiotemporal dynamics of mixed conifer and broad‐leaved forests with a spatially explicit individual‐based dynamic vegetation model

Sato

Shibuya

Hiura

2023

Ecological Research

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A dynamic vegetation model was adapted to a mixed forest of deciduous broad-leaved trees and evergreen conifers in Hokkaido, the northernmost main island of Japan, located within a transition zone between cooltemperate and sub-boreal forest ecosystems. In this forest, elevation and a terrestrial-wetness index affect tree biomass and the percentage of conifers. We maximized agreement between this observed pattern and model output by calibrating parameters that control drought and excessive soil-moisture tolerance, establishment rate, and background mortality rate. In the simulation, biomass increased as a single peak curve with simulation year, while the percentage of conifers increased until the end of 200 simulation years.The 75-year simulated forest was most comparable to the adapted forest, consistent with the average frequency of catastrophic storm disturbances in Hokkaido. The model also reconstructed a reasonable succession pattern based on temperature and soil moisture. Therefore, the model mechanistically reconstructed the mixed forest via spatial niche segregation and succession after catastrophic disturbances. However, the model did not reconstruct the percentages of broad-leaved trees and conifers of forests prior to the disturbance in independent validation plots, demonstrating that additional processes should be considered in future models.

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“…The mean annual temperature and annual precipitation of UTHF are 6.3 • C and 1210 mm, respectively [33]. The ground is covered with snow from late November to early April with a depth of approximately 1 m [34]. Typical vegetation in the UTHF is uneven-aged mixed forests where conifers and broadleaf tree species are the main vegetation cover.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of High-Value Timber Species in Mixed Conifer–Broadleaf Forest Managed under Selection System in Northern Japan

Moe

Owari

2020

Forests

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Understanding the sustainability of high-value timber species in managed forests provides useful information for the management of these species in the long-run. Using nearly 50 years of census data in long-term permanent plots, we investigated the sustainability of three high-value timber species—monarch birch (Betula maximowicziana Regel), castor aralia (Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz), and Japanese oak (Quercus crispula Blume)—in cool-temperate mixed forest under a selection system in northern Japan. We used stocking, demographic parameters, and species proportions of these species as measures of sustainability. Results showed that the tree density and basal area of the three high-value timber species increased during the study period. Moreover, the basal area increment of these species showed an increasing trend across census periods. However, while no significant differences in the tree mortality of these species were observed, the numbers of in-growth fluctuated across census periods. Increasing trends in species proportions of monarch birch and Japanese oak were observed. Even though there were some fluctuations across census periods, especially in smaller diameter classes, diameter distribution curves of high-value timber species followed a reversed J-shaped pattern. The results revealed that the sustainability measures of high-value timber species can be achieved in forest stands managed under single-tree selection system. In addition, the results also indicated the changing structure and composition of the forest stand. The stocking and basal area increment of conifers decreased while those of broadleaves increased. The proportion of conifers decreased to 33.01% in 2008–2016 from 48.35% in 1968–1978. The results of this study would be useful for adapting silvicultural practices and harvesting practices as well as for simulating various silvicultural and management options for high-value timber species.

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Relationships between the Abundance of Abies sachalinensis Juveniles and Site Conditions in Selection Forests of Central Hokkaido, Japan

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

The 30-year impact of post-windthrow management on the forest regeneration process in northern Japan

The 30-year impact of post-windthrow management on the forest regeneration process in northern Japan

Reconstructing spatiotemporal dynamics of mixed conifer and broad‐leaved forests with a spatially explicit individual‐based dynamic vegetation model

Sustainability of High-Value Timber Species in Mixed Conifer–Broadleaf Forest Managed under Selection System in Northern Japan

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