Relationships between tissue concentrations of paralytic shellfish toxins and antioxidative responses of clams, Ruditapes philippinarum

Choi, Nicola; Yeung, Leo W. Y.; Siu, William H.L.; So, Iris Man Ka; Jack, Ralph W.; Hsieh, Dennis P. H.; Wu, Rudolf S.S.; Lam, Paul K.S.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.01.009

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Increased mRNA levels of GST were observed in juvenile oysters exposed to the PST-producer Gymnodinium catenatum (García-Lagunas et al, 2013). Conversely, in the clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, exposed to Alexandrium tamarense, a negative correlation was observed between PST concentration and GST activity in gills (Choi et al, 2006). These differences in GST response may highlight differences in PST detoxification capacity between species, and in different tissues, as demonstrated in vitro by Jaime et al (2007) or different profiles of STX analogues in algae.…”

Section: Toxin In Alexandrium Cultures and Accumulation And Biotransfmentioning

confidence: 90%

Exposure to toxic Alexandrium minutum activates the detoxifying and antioxidant systems in gills of the oyster Crassostrea gigas

et al. 2015

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Harmful algal blooms of Alexandrium spp. dinoflagellates regularly occur in French coastal waters contaminating shellfish. Studies have demonstrated that toxic Alexandrium spp. disrupt behavioural and physiological processes in marine filter-feeders, but molecular modifications triggered by phycotoxins are less well understood. This study analyzed the mRNA levels of 7 genes encoding antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes in gills of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) exposed to a cultured, toxic strain of A. minutum, a producer of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) or fed Tisochrysis lutea (T. lutea, formerly Isochrysis sp., clone Tahitian (T. iso)), a non-toxic control diet, in four repeated experiments. Transcript levels of sigma-class glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and ferritin (Fer) were significantly higher in oysters exposed to A. minutum compared to oysters fed T. lutea. The detoxification pathway based upon glutathione (GSH)-conjugation of toxic compounds (phase II) is likely activated, and catalyzed by GST. This system appeared to be activated in gills probably for the detoxification of PST and/or extra-cellular compounds, produced by A. minutum. GST, GR and Fer can also contribute to antioxidant functions to prevent cellular damage from increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating either from A. minutum cells directly, from oyster hemocytes during immune response, or from other gill cells as by-products of detoxification.

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Section: Toxin In Alexandrium Cultures and Accumulation And Biotransfmentioning

confidence: 90%

Exposure to toxic Alexandrium minutum activates the detoxifying and antioxidant systems in gills of the oyster Crassostrea gigas

et al. 2015

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“…In marine organisms, responses of P450 enzymes due to exposure to xenobiotics or natural toxins have been reported in polychaetes, crustaceans, starfish, sea urchins, abalone, mussels, octopi (reviewed by Snyder (2000)) and in fish (Stagg et al, 1996). Activity of GST has been documented in Daphnia magna (Baldwin and LeBlanc, 1996;Pflugmacher et al, 1998), Artemia salina (Beattie et al, 2003), prawns (Pflugmacher et al, 2005), mussels (Davies et al, 2005;Choi et al, 2006), aquatic insects (Olsen et al, 2001), and fish (Wiegand et al, 1999;Gubbins et al, 2000) among other aquatic organisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione transferase activity and oocyte development in copepods exposed to toxic phytoplankton

et al. 2009

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“…Recent laboratory studies have found that the toxic species associated with HABs and their secreted toxins could alter antioxidant responses and lead to cellular damage in marine organisms ( Estrada et al, 2007 ; Amado and Monserrat, 2010 ; Fabioux et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2017 ). For example, PST-exposed clam Ruditapes philippinarum displayed significantly altered antioxidant enzyme activity and increased LPO levels ( Choi et al, 2006 ). Previous in vitro studies on various cell lines also indicated oxidative stress induction by STX ( Melegari et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Biomarker Assessment of the Influence of Saxitoxin on Marine Bivalves: A Comparative Study of the Two Bivalve Species Oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and Scallops, Chlamys farreri

et al. 2018

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Harmful algae blooms have expanded greatly in recent decades, and their secreted toxins pose a severe threat to human health and marine ecosystems. Saxitoxin (STX) is a main paralytic shellfish poison naturally produced by marine microalgae of the genus Alexandrium. Despite numerous studies have assessed the impacts of STX on marine bivalves, comparative in vivo study on the toxicity of STX on bivalves with distinct accumulation ability (such as oysters and scallops) has been seldom investigated. The aim of this study was to identify whether distinct sensitivity exists between oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and scallops, Chlamys farreri under the same amount of STX exposure using multiple biomarker responses. The responses of different biochemical markers including oxidative stress markers (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, and lipid peroxidation) and immunotoxicity biomarkers (hemocyte phagocytosis rate, reactive oxidative species production, and DNA damages) were evaluated in bivalves after 12, 48, and 96 h of exposure to STX. The integrated biomarker responses value combined with two-way ANOVA analysis suggested that STX posed slightly severer stress on scallops than oysters for the extended period of time. This study provided preliminary results on the usefulness of a multi-biomarker approach to assess the toxicity associated with STX exposure in marine bivalves.

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Relationships between tissue concentrations of paralytic shellfish toxins and antioxidative responses of clams, Ruditapes philippinarum

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Exposure to toxic Alexandrium minutum activates the detoxifying and antioxidant systems in gills of the oyster Crassostrea gigas

Exposure to toxic Alexandrium minutum activates the detoxifying and antioxidant systems in gills of the oyster Crassostrea gigas

Glutathione transferase activity and oocyte development in copepods exposed to toxic phytoplankton

Integrative Biomarker Assessment of the Influence of Saxitoxin on Marine Bivalves: A Comparative Study of the Two Bivalve Species Oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and Scallops, Chlamys farreri

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