Relationships of dissociation and childhood abuse and neglect with heart rate in delinquent adolescents

Koopman, Cheryl; Carrión, Victor G.; Butler, Lisa D.; Sudhakar, Shiv; Palmer, Laura; Steiner, Hans

doi:10.1023/b:jots.0000014676.83722.35

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In one of the first studies to demonstrate this, Griffin, Resick, and Mechanic (1997) reported that rape victims with greater peri-traumatic depersonalisation/derealisation showed lower HR when verbally recalling their trauma. Similar associations were found in another study that recruited adolescents with childhood abuse experiences (Koopman et al, 2004). Concurrent depersonalisation/derealisation and HR during involuntary retrieval of trauma memories (triggered by trauma scripts) were examined in a later study (Sack, Cillien, & Hopper, 2012).…”

Section: Heart Rate As An Index Of Different States Of Consciousnesssupporting

confidence: 86%

Cardiovascular and psychological responses to voluntary recall of trauma in posttraumatic stress disorder

Chou

Marca

Steptoe

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Voluntary recall of trauma is a key element in exposure-based psychotherapies and can trigger spontaneous dissociative responses such as flashbacks, depersonalisation, and derealisation. In order to examine the associations between cardiovascular and psychological responses to voluntary recollection of trauma, individuals with PTSD recalled a traumatic memory. Heart rate and heart rate variability were recorded continuously and the episodes when different forms of dissociation were experienced during the recall were identified. A significant increase in parasympathetic activity was found during trauma recall, with greater parasympathetic dominance being indicative of greater state depersonalisation/derealisation. Whereas overall decreases in heart rate during trauma recall were associated with increased fear and perceived threat, flashbacks were accompanied by short-term increases in heart rate. These findings demonstrate different types of cardiovascular responses associated with different psychological experiences during trauma recall. Future research directions were discussed.

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Section: Heart Rate As An Index Of Different States Of Consciousnesssupporting

confidence: 86%

Cardiovascular and psychological responses to voluntary recall of trauma in posttraumatic stress disorder

Chou

Marca

Steptoe

et al. 2018

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…High dissociators showed suppression of both skin conductance response and heart rate (HR) levels while talking about their rape (Griffin et al 1997). In another study, researchers found similar suppression of physiological arousal among a high dissociating sub-group of adolescent victims of child abuse and neglect (Koopman et al 2004). In addition, victims of motor vehicle accidents who reported high levels of peritraumatic dissociation were found to have lower levels of urinary catecholamines in the immediate aftermath of the accident.…”

Section: The Psychophysiology Of Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…sexual and physical abuse, rape, war experiences, natural disasters, assault and motor vehicle accidents) and dissociative symptomatology (van der Kolk and Van der Hart 1989;Coons et al 1989;Ogata et al 1990;Terr 1991;Kirby et al 1993;. Still more recently, a growing body of research on the connection between dissociative experience at the time of a traumatic event (known as "peritraumatic dissociation") and later post-traumatic symptoms has supported the centrality of the trauma-dissociation relationship (van der Kolk and Van der Hart 1989;Marmar et al 1994;Griffin et al 1997;Koopman et al 1994Koopman et al , 2004.…”

Section: The Psychiatric-adaptive Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this acute reaction to trauma has been viewed as an adaptive strategy, reflecting sped-up information processing or shielding of the self from terror, some researchers have come to question the adaptive or protective function of dissociation because of evidence linking peritraumatic dissociation to the later development of PTSD symptoms (Griffin et al 1997;Delahanty et al 2003;Koopman et al 2004). Individuals reporting high levels of peritraumatic dissociation have consistently been found to report higher levels of PTSD symptoms, particularly symptoms related to avoidance, when measured at follow-up (Ozer et al 2003;Griffin et al 1997).…”

Section: The Psychiatric-adaptive Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dissociative Experience and Cultural Neuroscience: Narrative, Metaphor and Mechanism

Seligman

Kirmayer

2008

Cult Med Psychiatry

226

129

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Approaches to trance and possession in anthropology have tended to use outmoded models drawn from psychodynamic theory or treated such dissociative phenomena as purely discursive processes of attributing action and experience to agencies other than the self. Within psychology and psychiatry, understanding of dissociative disorders has been hindered by polemical "either/or" arguments: either dissociative disorders are real, spontaneous alterations in brain states that reflect basic neurobiological phenomena, or they are imaginary, socially constructed role performances dictated by interpersonal expectations, power dynamics and cultural scripts. In this paper, we outline an approach to dissociative phenomena, including trance, possession and spiritual and healing practices, that integrates the neuropsychological notions of underlying mechanism with sociocultural processes of the narrative construction and social presentation of the self. This integrative model, grounded in a cultural neuroscience, can advance ethnographic studies of dissociation and inform clinical approaches to dissociation through careful consideration of the impact of social context.

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“…Os dados empíricos disponíveis para a sustentação de um subtipo dissociativo para o TEPT provêm de estudos de psicofisiologia (Griffin et al, 1997;Koopman et al, 2004;Lanius et al, 2003Lanius et al, , 2005, neuroimagem funcional (Lanius et al, 2003(Lanius et al, , 2005, psicoendocrinologia (Mason et al, 2001;Nuller et al, 2001;Simeon et al, 2003;Stanton et al, 2001) e sistemas opióides (Nishith et al, 2002;Pitman et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Negligência das classificações diagnósticas atuais com os fenômenos dissociativos do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático

Lima¹,

Fiszman²,

Portella³

et al. 2007

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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ResumoContexto: Apesar da importância crescente da dissociação no transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT), os sintomas dissociativos não são contemplados pelos critérios diagnósticos das classificações oficiais (CID-10 e DSM-IV). A hipótese de um subtipo dissociativo para o TEPT tem sido corroborada por pesquisas em psicofisiologia, neuroimagem funcional, psicoendocrinologia e sistemas opióides. Pretende-se demonstrar a insuficiência dos critérios vigentes na detecção dos sintomas dissociativos no TEPT mediante relato de um caso com sintomas dissociativos persistentes desde o trauma. Relato de caso: O paciente preenche critérios para TEPT e transtorno depressivo maior pelo DSM-IV. Embora também preencha critérios para transtorno de despersonalização, esse diagnóstico é impossibilitado na presença de TEPT. O paciente apresentou sintomas conversivos peritraumáticos, avaliados pela Escala de Imobilidade Tônica, e sintomas dissociativos proeminentes, peritraumáticos e atuais, já que obteve escores significativos no Questionário de Experiências Dissociativas Peritraumáticas e na Escala de Experiências Dissociativas. Após 3 anos de tratamento, não houve melhora do quadro. Conclusão: O reconhecimento da importância dos fenômenos dissociativos/conversivos no TEPT poderá contribuir para o aprimoramento do diagnóstico, investigações sobre sua fisiopatologia e o desenvolvimento de tratamentos mais eficazes.Lima, A.A. et al. / Rev. Psiq. Clín. 34 (3); 139-143, 2007 Palavras-chave: TEPT, dissociação, despersonalização, critérios diagnósticos. AbstractBackground: In spite of the growing importance of dissociation in post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), dissociative symptoms are not included in the diagnostic criteria of official classifications (CID-10, DSM-IV). Research in psychophysiology, functional neuroimaging, psycho-endocrinology and opioid systems provides support for a dissociative subtype of PTSD. Case report: A case study on a PTSD patient with persistent dissociative symptoms since the trauma will show that current criteria are insufficient for detecting dissociative symptoms in PTSD. The patient meets criteria for PTSD and major depressive disorder according to the DSM-IV. He also meets criteria for depersonalization disorder, although this diagnosis is not possible with PTSD. The patient showed peritraumatic conversive symptoms, evaluated

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Relationships of dissociation and childhood abuse and neglect with heart rate in delinquent adolescents

Cited by 45 publications

References 32 publications

Cardiovascular and psychological responses to voluntary recall of trauma in posttraumatic stress disorder

Cardiovascular and psychological responses to voluntary recall of trauma in posttraumatic stress disorder

Dissociative Experience and Cultural Neuroscience: Narrative, Metaphor and Mechanism

Negligência das classificações diagnósticas atuais com os fenômenos dissociativos do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático

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