Relative contributions of organic and inorganic fouling during nanofiltration of inland brackish surface water

Sari, Mutiara Ayu; Chellam, Shankararaman

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2016.10.005

Cited by 64 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…21,25 ATR-FTIR spectra (Figure S8) and C 1s XPS spectra (Figure S9) of fouled membranes confirm the presence of carboxyl groups in the fouling layers, in agreement with previous studies on NOM fouling of NF membranes. 19 SEM images (Figure S7) and Ca K-edge NEXAFS (Figure 4b) show no signs of calcite scaling, ruling out this fouling mechanism in the current study.…”

Section: Improvements In Nf Permeatementioning

confidence: 54%

“…5 NOM removal efficiencies achieved by NF can exceed 80% and NF can be applied to various types of water. 14−17 However, membrane fouling decreases permeate flux and limits the utility of NF for NOM removal because of the loss of productivity and added capital and operational costs; 18,19 productivity here includes both permeate flux and volume throughput (or water recovery) between chemical cleanings. NF membrane fouling increases in the presence of cations, as NOM molecules and membrane surfaces are often negatively charged due to specific functional groups (e.g., carboxylic acids) and reduced electrostatic repulsion of the negatively charged macromolecules can lead to the formation of dense/compact NOM fouling layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of a Hybrid ED–NF Membrane System for Water Recovery Improvement via NOM Fouling Control

Kum

Landsman

et al. 2021

ACS EST Eng.

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Natural organic matter (NOM) complicates water treatment and causes formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). NOM is removed well by nanofiltration (NF) but causes extensive membrane fouling, especially in the presence of divalent cations. This research investigated a hybrid electrodialysis-nanofiltration (ED−NF) system to treat freshwaters containing hardness and NOM. ED removes most ions but little to no NOM, and the ED diluate is, then, treated with NF to remove NOM with reduced fouling. Subsequently, some or all of the ED concentrate can be mixed with the NF permeate to increase water recovery, limit NOM concentration (and thereby reduce DBPs), and control the ion content. Compared to NF alone, ED−NF increases product water yield. NF fouling was reduced by the removal of divalent cations in ED. Spectroscopic and resonant scattering measurements of fouled membranes near the calcium K-edge reveal a significant contribution to NF fouling by calcium bridging between carboxyl groups in NOM and on the membrane surface. This novel ED−NF system allows several control "knobs" to increase water recovery and reduce DBP formation potential by adjusting ED water recovery, ED diluate (and concentrate) ionic composition, and the fraction of concentrate remixed with NF permeate to form the product water.

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Section: Improvements In Nf Permeatementioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a Hybrid ED–NF Membrane System for Water Recovery Improvement via NOM Fouling Control

Kum

Landsman

et al. 2021

ACS EST Eng.

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“…The above phenomenon can be explained by the steric hindrance mechanism, because the pore size of NF90 was smaller than that of NF270, so the permeate flux was lower, while the rejection rate was higher. Similarly, the removal rate of NF90 for Na + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ was significantly higher than that of NF270 [ 2 ]. Ramdani et al [ 77 ] studied the defluorination performance of NF90 and NF270 for the treatment of Algerian brackish water.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Efficiency Of Brackish Water Treatment With Nfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that the available freshwater only accounts for 0.8% of the total earth’s water [ 1 ]. At the same time, the deterioration of water quality accompanied by climate change and population growth further exacerbates this problem [ 2 ]. According to one estimation, 60% of the world’s population will live in water-deficient areas by the year 2025 [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Research and Application of Nanofiltration (NF) Technology for Brackish Water Treatment

et al. 2021

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Brackish water is a potential fresh water resource with lower salt content than seawater. Desalination of brackish water is an important option to alleviate the prevalent water crisis around the world. As a membrane technology ranging between UF and RO, NF can achieve the partial desalination via size exclusion and charge exclusion. So, it has been widely concerned and applied in treatment of brackish water during the past several decades. Hereon, an overview of the progress in research on and application of NF technology for brackish water treatment is provided. On the basis of expounding the features of brackish water, the factors affecting NF efficiency, including the feed water characteristics, operating conditions and NF membrane properties, are analyzed. For the ubiquitous membrane fouling problem, three preventive fouling control strategies including feed water pretreatment, optimization of operating conditions and selection of anti-fouling membranes are summarized. In addition, membrane cleaning methods for restoring the fouled membrane are discussed. Furthermore, the combined utilization of NF with other membrane technologies is reviewed. Finally, future research prospects are proposed to deal with the current existing problems. Lessons gained from this review are expected to promote the sustainable development of brackish water treatment with NF technology.

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“…Desalination of seawater and brackish water has become one of the most sustainable methods to alleviate water shortages, and brackish water contains more divalent salts such as SO 4 2− and Mg 2+ compared with seawater [1]. As a typical representation of pressuredriven membranes, nanofiltration (NF) has been widely used in wastewater treatment, water softening, food processing and chemical processes [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Preparation of High-Performance and Stable MXene Nanofiltration Membranes with MXene Embedded in the Organic Phase

Xue

2021

Membranes

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Nanomaterials embedded in nanofiltration membranes have become a promising modification technology to improve separation performance. As a novel representation of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, MXene has nice features with a strong negative charge and excellent hydrophilicity. Our previous research showed that MXene nanosheets were added in the aqueous phase, which enhanced the permeselectivity of the membrane and achieved persistent desalination performance. Embedding the nanomaterials into the polyamide layer through the organic phase can locate the nanomaterials on the upper surface of the polyamide layer, and also prevent the water layer around the hydrophilic nanomaterials from hindering the interfacial polymerization reaction. We supposed that if MXene nanosheets were added in the organic phase, MXene nanosheets would have more negative contact sites on the membrane surface and the crosslinking degree would increase. In this study, MXene were dispersed in the organic phase with the help of ultrasound, then MXene nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes were achieved. The prepared MXene membranes obtained enhanced negative charge and lower effective pore size. In the 28-day persistent desalination test, the Na2SO4 rejection of MXene membrane could reach 98.6%, which showed higher rejection compared with MXene embedded in aqueous phase. The results of a long-time water immersion test showed that MXene membrane could still maintain a high salt rejection after being soaked in water for up to 105 days, which indicated MXene on the membrane surface was stable. Besides MXene membrane showed high rejection for high-concentration brine and good mono/divalent salt separation performance in mono/divalent mixed salt solutions. As a part of the study of MXene in nanofiltration membranes, we hoped this research could provide a theoretical guidance for future research in screening different addition methods and different properties.

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Relative contributions of organic and inorganic fouling during nanofiltration of inland brackish surface water

Cited by 64 publications

References 52 publications

Performance of a Hybrid ED–NF Membrane System for Water Recovery Improvement via NOM Fouling Control

Performance of a Hybrid ED–NF Membrane System for Water Recovery Improvement via NOM Fouling Control

Progress in Research and Application of Nanofiltration (NF) Technology for Brackish Water Treatment

The Preparation of High-Performance and Stable MXene Nanofiltration Membranes with MXene Embedded in the Organic Phase

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