Relative effectiveness of substrate-inoculum ratio and initial pH on hydrogen production from palm oil mill effluent: Kinetics and statistical optimization

Decolorization of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Klebsiella Pneumonia ABZ11: Remediation Efficacy and Statistical Optimization of Treatment Conditions

“…For example, at an optimal inoculum size of 20% (v/v) with a retention time of 35 h, over 81.47% of decolorization was attained even with the highest color concentration of 2,600 ADMI (without dilution). This implies that at the optimal condition, the effect of the antagonist factors (AB, AC and BC) were minimal while the metabolic activities of the microbes were maximized (Figure 5; (Mishra et al, 2019). Figure 6D shows the surface response of the synergy effect of the A-initial color concentrations with respect to C-treatment retention times.…”

“…Essentially, the perturbation figure shows the common point for the combined factors where the highest synergistic influences were attained to sustain optimal decolorization process by the Klebsiella Pneumonia ABZ11. This implies that at this common perturbation point, the effect of the antagonist factors (AB, BC, and AC) are minimal (Eltarahony et al, Mishra et al, 2019). Hence, the optimal treatment conditions at this point sustain the Klebsiella Pneumonia ABZ11 for effectual proliferation, metabolic activities alongside with protonic-balance which resulted in better degradation of the contaminants, and also neutralization of the toxic colorants (Mishra et al, 2019).…”

“…This implies that at this common perturbation point, the effect of the antagonist factors (AB, BC, and AC) are minimal (Eltarahony et al, Mishra et al, 2019). Hence, the optimal treatment conditions at this point sustain the Klebsiella Pneumonia ABZ11 for effectual proliferation, metabolic activities alongside with protonic-balance which resulted in better degradation of the contaminants, and also neutralization of the toxic colorants (Mishra et al, 2019). the bacteria thereby retarding the rate of decolorization (Hameed and Ismail, 2018).…”

“…The accuracy of the model was further analyzed using normal plots of residual for the percentage of color removal, as presented in Figure 4B. Basically, the normal residuals point-out the amount at which the developed model satisfies ANOVA assumptions, while the studentized residuals is an index showing the level of deviation between the predicted and actual values (Mishra et al, 2019). From Figure 4B, it can be observed that virtually all the data points were on a straight diagonal line with insignificant deviations and this is an indication that application of response transformation is not required (Mishra et al, 2019).…”

“…The combined effect of the three treatment factors (A, B and C) at a common point of retort was examined by the statistical design based on perturbation plot (Taherdanak et al, 2015). From Figure 5, the thinness of the curve reflects how subtle the response was whenever there are vicissitudes in any of the treatment factors (Mishra et al, 2019). It is obvious that the inoculum size (A), initial color concentration (B) and the retention time (C) have a considerable influence on the percentage of color removal.…”