Relative efficiency of maize and Imperata cylindrica for haploid induction in Triticum durum following chromosome elimination‐mediated approach of doubled haploid breeding

Abstract

Intergeneric hybridization in seven diverse durum wheat genotypes was carried out using two composite varieties of Himalayan maize, viz., Bajaura Makka and Early Composite, and a wild grass, Imperata cylindrica, as pollen sources. Observations related to various haploid induction parameters put forth I. cylindrica as significantly better pollen source for haploid induction in durum wheat over maize in terms of pseudoseed formation (46.93%), embryo formation (38.06%), haploid regeneration (40.42%) and haploid formation efficiency (7.44%). The line x tester analysis revealed that both male and female genotypes had significant effects on all haploid induction parameters except haploid formation frequency in later. Among the pollen sources, I. cylindrica emerged as best combiner based on GCA values when compared with the two Himalayan maize composites. Durum wheat genotype, A-9-30-1 was recognized as the best general combiner followed by PDW 314. The present investigation proposed durum wheat 9 I. cylindrica as a superior technique over maize-mediated system, and its large-scale use can open a new horizon in the sphere of durum wheat doubled haploidy breeding programme.

Auxin Induced Haploid Induction in Wide Crosses of Durum Wheat

“…Earlier, 2,4-D in combination with different growth promoters like, dicamba (Ballesteros et al 2003;Garcia-llamas et al 2004), picloram (Puja et al 2011) and AgNO 3 (Almouslem et al 1998;Inagaki and Hash 1998;Sourour et al 2011) had been tested for efficient haploid induction in durum wheat × maize crosses. Likewise, Chaudhary et al (2015) and, Mahato and Chaudhary (2015) reported the significant role of 2,4-D in haploid production via I. cylindrica-mediated chromosome elimination approach. It is evident from the findings of present study that higher concentrations of 2,4-D (more than 200 ppm) alone is well efficient in producing greater number of haploid embryos.…”

“…Chaudhary et al (2005) and, Pratap and Chaudhary (2012) reported that 2,4-D at concentrations 100 and 250 ppm played an important role in induction of polyhaploids in crosses of bread wheat and bread wheat-rye derivatives with I. cylindrica, respectively. Chaudhary et al (2015) and, Mahato and Chaudhary (2015) also highlighted that haploid induction in durum wheat × I. cylindrica is most responsive at 250 ppm 2,4-D concentration.…”

“…This technique mainly involves intergeneric hybridization that follows gradual elimination of chromosomes from pollen source during embryonic development producing embryos carrying haploid set of chromosomes from the female genotype (Barclay 1975; Laurie and Bennett 1988;Chaudhary et al 2005). In durum wheat, wide hybridization to create doubled haploids has been carried out with different genera viz., barley (Hordeum bulbossum) (O'Donoughue and Bennett 1994a;Chlyah et al 1999), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) (Inagaki and Hash 1998), maize (Zea mays) (O'Donoughue and Bennett 1994b;Almouslem et al 1998) and Imperata cylindrica (Chaudhary et al 2013;Chaudhary et al 2015;Mahato and Chaudhary 2015) for producing haploid embryos. But, all these pollen sources may not be equally efficient in inducing haploid formation in durum wheat.…”

“…But, all these pollen sources may not be equally efficient in inducing haploid formation in durum wheat. Currently, durum doubled haploids have been made with a high level of success when maize and I. cylindrica were used as pollinators (Mahato and Chaudhary 2015).…”

New protocol for colchicine induced efficient doubled haploidy in haploid regenerants of tetraploid and hexaploid wheats at In vitro level

“…During the last few years, chromosome elimination approach has proved to be the efficient system of doubled haploidy breeding as compared to other biotechnological tools like androgenesis mediated approach (Chu et al 1973;Ouyang et al 1973;Wang et al 1973). Chromosome elimination-mediated doubled haploidy breeding includes the various approaches viz., bulbosum technique (Barclay 1975), wheat × maize system Bennett 1987, 1988) and the recently discovered wheat × Imperata cylindrica system which has emerged as the best choice for haploid induction in wheat (Chaudhary et al 2005(Chaudhary et al , 2013a(Chaudhary et al , 2013bChaudhary 2008Chaudhary , 2009Chaudhary , 2010aChaudhary , 2010bKaila et al 2012) as well as in durum wheat (Mahato and Chaudhary 2015). Despite immense importance and advantages of doubled haploidy (DH) breeding, its extensive adoption in crop improvement programmes is lacking because of low frequency of production of doubled haploids due to high mortality rate of regenerated haploid plants after colchicine treatment.…”