Relative performance of college students as conditioned by time of day and day of week.

Laird, Donald A.

doi:10.1037/h0067673

Cited by 70 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…This difference between our own results and those of Johnson et al (1992) and Dijk et al (1992) suggests a possible mechanism by which intertask differences might appear under nycthemeral conditions. As has been confirmed in studies spanning seven decades (Laird, 1925;Folkard and Monk, 1980;Johnson et al, 1992), shortterm memory tasks show a decline over the waking day under a normal nycthemeral routine. If sleep/wake cycle processes predominated over ECP processes for memory tasks under nycthemeral conditions, then such tasks would be expected to show a decline over much of the day, representing a deviation from temperature rhythm parallelism under those conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

A Parallelism between Human Body Temperature and Performance Independent of the Endogenous Circadian Pacemaker

Monk¹,

Carrier

1998

J Biol Rhythms

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A battery of performance tests involving manual dexterity, serial search, and verbal reasoning was given about seven times per day to 2 healthy young male subjects (22 and 25 years of age) involved in separate forced desynchrony studies, each involving several months of temporal isolation. In these studies, the period lengths (denoted T) of the imposed day lengths (sleep/wake and light/dark cycles) were 25.8 and 26.0 h for the 2 subjects. For each subject, the endogenous circadian pacemaker (ECP) failed to entrain to a period of T and instead free ran at a period length denoted tau (24.2 and 24.5 h). By educing performance rhythms (and rectal temperature rhythms) separately at tau and at T (after three complete beating cycles for the first subject and two complete beating cycles for the second subject), the hypothesis could be tested as to whether performance and temperature were parallel, both when educed at tau (indicating ECP influence) and when educed at T (indicating sleep/wake cycle influences). The hypothesis was consistently confirmed at tau and mostly confirmed at T. For most variables, when educed at T, both performance speed and body temperature showed an inverted V-shaped function, with a peak about 9 to 12 h after waking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

A Parallelism between Human Body Temperature and Performance Independent of the Endogenous Circadian Pacemaker

Monk¹,

Carrier

1998

J Biol Rhythms

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“…In the case of immediate retention, presentation in the morning has fairly consistently been found to result in superior performance to presentation later in the day (e.g., Baddeley, Hatter, Scott, & Snashall, 1970;Blake, 1967;Folkard & Monk, 1979;Folkard, Monk, Bradbury, & Rosenthall, 1977;Gates, 1916aGates, , 1916bHockey, Davies, & Gray, 1972;Laird, 1925). In contrast, the available evidence indicates that delayed retention is superior following presentation in the afternoon or evening (Baddeley et a1., 1970;Hockey et al, 1972;Folkard & Monk, in press;Folkard et a1., 1977;.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

Time of day and level of processing

Folkard

1979

Memory & Cognition

108

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“…The interest in time of day effects on cognitive efficiency has a long history (Laird, 1925). Kleitman (1963) showed strong evidence for a parallelism between body temperature (the gold standard mark of the human circadian system) and time of day effects for simple repetitive tasks:…”

Section: Time Of Day and Cognitive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Typology: A Comprehensive Review

Adán¹,

Archer²,

Hidalgo³

et al. 2012

Chronobiology International

1,068

855

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The interest in the systematic study of the circadian typology (CT) is relatively recent and has developed rapidly in the two last decades. All the existing data suggest that this individual difference affects our biological and psychological functioning, not only in health, but also in disease. In the present study, we review the current literature concerning the psychometric properties and validity of CT measures as well as individual, environmental and genetic factors that influence the CT. We present a brief overview of the biological markers that are used to define differences between CT groups (sleep-wake cycle, body temperature, cortisol, and melatonin), and we assess the implications for CT and adjustment to shift work and jet-lag. We also review the differences between CT in terms of cognitive abilities, personality traits and the incidence of psychiatric disorders. When necessary, we have emphasized the methodological limitations that exist today and suggested some future avenues of work in order to overcome these. This is a new field of interest to professionals in many different areas (research, labor, academic, and clinical) and this review provides a state of the art discussion to allow professionals to integrate chronobiological aspects of human behavior into their daily practice.

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Relative performance of college students as conditioned by time of day and day of week.

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

A Parallelism between Human Body Temperature and Performance Independent of the Endogenous Circadian Pacemaker

A Parallelism between Human Body Temperature and Performance Independent of the Endogenous Circadian Pacemaker

Time of day and level of processing

Circadian Typology: A Comprehensive Review

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