Relative Photoactivities of Iodonium Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)gallates Measured by Fluorescence Probe Techniques

Ren, Kun; Serguievski, Petr; Gu, Haiyan; Grinevich, Oleg; Malpert, John H.; Neckers, Douglas C.

doi:10.1021/ma011452e

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Studies on optical absorption and emission properties have led the way toward solvatochromic probes, that is, molecules whose optical behavior, including absorption, emission, and/or excitation spectral shifts, greatly depends on the dipolar and dielectric properties of the surrounding solvent or other medium . Fluorescent probes have a wide range of applications such as monitoring the degree of polymerization, radiation cure technology, and photocurable coatings . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have commonly been used as fluorescent probes. − Among PAHs, pyrene has been widely studied as a local polarity probe, ,, rendering pyrene and pyrene-based materials as important molecules in the field of photochemistry and photophysics .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Detailed Photophysical Studies of Pyrene-Based Molecules Substituted with Extended Chains

et al. 2009

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Applications of conjugated organic compounds in the field of electronics and optoelectronics and of pyrene derivatives as fluorescent probes are well established. The synthesis of the novel pyrene-based 2,11-di-tert-butyl-6,7,15,16-tetrakis(alkoxy/alkythio)quinoxaline[2',3':9,10]phenanthro[4,5-abc]phenazine, TQPP-[t-Bu](2)-[XR](4) (X = O, S; R = C(n)H(2n+1)), is reported along with an in-depth spectroscopic characterization and evaluation of their photophysical properties. Despite their larger core size, the reported TQPP materials showed similar fluorescence behavior to that of pyrene itself, with no significant shift in their fluorescence peak. The fluorescence spectra showed peaks corresponding to the monomer and to the excimer. Even though these TQPP compounds showed poor solubility in various solvents, their solvatochromism could be investigated in different solvents ranging from polar solvents such as methanol to nonpolar solvents such as cyclohexane; Stokes shifts, fluorescence lifetimes, fluorescence quantum yields, as well as radiative and nonradiative rate constants are determined for four of these TQPP materials in various solvents. Quantum yields were found to be low for these TQPP compounds in solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), whereas they were relatively higher in cyclohexane and dioxane. Monomer to excimer intensity ratio versus gross solvent scale (E(T)30) and orientation polarizabilty (Delta f) were correlated. Although TQPP-[t-Bu](2)-[XR](4) displayed similar fluorescent emission and excitation behavior as that of pyrene, a relatively smaller lifetime was observed for these compounds compared to that of pyrene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Detailed Photophysical Studies of Pyrene-Based Molecules Substituted with Extended Chains

et al. 2009

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“…2a We have also reported that iodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)gallates show the fastest rate of acid release. 3 These gallates are advantageous over other iodonium salts because of their excellent solubility in monomers and high photosensitivity. 4 Since diphenyliodonium salts were first used as cationic photoinitiators in the 1970's, many studies have focused on the scope of their photochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%