Relative prevalence ofMycobacterium marinumin fish collected from aquaria and natural freshwaters in central Europe

Abstract

A survey was carried out on occurrence of Mycobacterium marinum in fish kept in aquaria and those living in their natural environment. Species-specific qPCR targeting the erp and IS2404 genes together with the conventional culture method were used. The analysis of 72 ornamental fish (n = 216 samples: gills, muscle and intestine) collected from aquaria revealed the presence of M. marinum in 30 individuals (41.7%) of whom 17 (23.6%) were later culture positive. Culture-independent detection revealed the presence of M. marinum in 16 of 83 environmental samples (19.3%) collected in aquaria. The presence of viable M. marinum cells was later confirmed in 5 samples (6.0%). No qPCR or culture positivity was observed when 123 groundwater fish and their corresponding environmental samples (n = 142) were analysed.

Renibacterium salmoninarum and Mycobacterium spp.: two bacterial pathogens present at low levels in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) populations in Austrian rivers

“…Likewise, Slany et al (2014) isolated M. marinum from ornamental fish in the Czech Republic with a comparable prevalence (41.7%). The bacterium was also found in environmental samples (biofilms, sediment, water, and plant, 19.3%) [59].…”

A case of mycobacteriosis in farmed pikeperch ( Sander lucioperca ) cultured in a recirculating aquaculture system

“…M. marinum outbreaks in cultured fish appear to be related to high stocking density (Avsever et al, 2014;Hedrick et al, 1987), poor diet (Jacobs et al, 2009) and water quality (Lewis & Chinabut, 2011). In fact, such stressors could reduce immune function (Lewis & Chinabut, 2011) and affect the progression (Slany, Makovcova, Jezek, Bodnarova, & Pavlik, 2014) and severity of the disease (Jacobs et al, 2009). Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) is an emerging aquaculture species in Europe.…”

Detection of Mycobacterium marinum, M. peregrinum, M. fortuitum and M. abscessus in aquarium fish

“…The most important species causing mycobacteriosis in fish are non‐tuberculous mycobacteria, that is M . chelonae , M. fortuitum and M. marinum (Ross, & Brancato, 1959; Decostere, Hermans, & Haesebrouck, ; Han et al, ; Kent et al., ; Lescenko et al, ; Najiah, Lee, Noorasikin, Nadirah, & Lee, ; Novotny et al, ; Sevim, Ozer, & Rad, ; Slany, Makovcova, Jezek, Bodnarova, & Pavlik, ). Other species known to cause mycobacterial infections in fish include M. abscessus , M. chesapeaki , M .…”

“…Fish mycobacteriosis is a granulomatous disease occurring in aquarium and cultured food fish. The most important species causing mycobacteriosis in fish are non-tuberculous mycobacteria, that is M. chelonae, M. fortuitum and M. marinum (Ross, & Brancato, 1959;Decostere, Hermans, & Haesebrouck, 2004;Han et al, 2013;Kent et al, 2004;Lescenko et al, 2003;Najiah, Lee, Noorasikin, Nadirah, & Lee, 2011;Novotny et al, 2010;Sevim, Ozer, & Rad, 2015;Slany, Makovcova, Jezek, Bodnarova, & Pavlik, 2014) (Beran, Matlova, Dvorska, Svastova, & Pavlik, 2006;Chang et al, 2006;Guz et al, 2013;Levi et al, 2003;Marumo et al, 2010;Pate, Jencic, Zolnir-Dovc, & Ocepek, 2005;Rehulka, Kaustov a, & Rehulkov a, 2006;Rhodes et al, 2003;Whipps, Dougan, & Kent, 2007;Zanoni, Florio, Fioravanti, Rossi, & Prearo, 2008;Zerihun, Berg, Lyche, Colquhoun, & Poppe, 2011). The zoonotic nature of mycobacteriosis and massive economic losses in the aquaculture industry highlight the need for rapid identification and treatment of mycobacterial infections (Shukla, Shukla, Sharma, & Kumar, 2014;Szmygin-Milanowska et al, 2016).…”