Relativistic Attosecond Electron Pulses from a Photocathode Radio-Frequency Gun

Li, Cheng; Wang, Wenxing; Zhang, Haoran; Guo, Zixin; Jiang, Shimin; He, Zhigang; Zhang, Shancai; Jia, Qika; Wang, Lin; He, Duohui

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.16.054007

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These could become feasible in the near future with the rapid development of XFELs 43,44 and relativistic megaelectronvolt electron beams. 46,47 In summary, in this theoretical study, we have shown that the attosecond charge migration in gas-phase molecules can be directly imaged by combining ultrafast X-ray and electron homodyne diffraction. We demonstrated that, when subtracting two standard (homodyne) diffraction signals, the timedependence of the signal only comes from a mixed nuclear− electronic interference term in electron diffraction.…”

Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This is within the current experimental detection limit of time-resolved gas-phase X-ray and electron diffraction techniques. , The key instrumental challenge for the proposed experiment is the attosecond temporal resolution required for both X-ray and electron diffraction. These could become feasible in the near future with the rapid development of XFELs , and relativistic megaelectronvolt electron beams. , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we assume a 200 as (sigma) pulse length for both X-ray and electron probe pulses. This is possible through the ongoing developments of both attosecond hard X-ray , and attosecond relativistic megaelectronvolt electron pulses. − …”

Section: Theory Of Mixed Electronic–nuclear Interference In Electron ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attosecond Charge Migration in Molecules Imaged by Combined X-ray and Electron Diffraction

Yong

Sun

et al. 2022

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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We show how ultrafast gas-phase X-ray and electron diffraction signals can be combined to generate real-space movies of charge migration dynamics in molecules. Charge migration denotes short time electronic charge redistribution upon photoexcitation of molecules where the nuclei are frozen. In this regime, we identify a mixed electronic–nuclear interference term that can be cleanly singled out. Using the ground-state nuclear structure as a reference, the phase information in this signal allows its inversion to real space and the capture of electronic charge density movies on the attosecond time scale.

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Section: ■ Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attosecond Charge Migration in Molecules Imaged by Combined X-ray and Electron Diffraction

Yong

Sun

et al. 2022

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…This limits the temporal resolution, thereby losing important signals, especially of fast dynamical features at CIs. This problem can be overcome by the ongoing developments of both attosecond hard X-ray and attosecond relativistic megaelectron volt electron pulses …”

Section: Theory Of Heterodyne-detected Diffraction Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem can be overcome by the ongoing developments of both attosecond hard X-ray 37 and attosecond relativistic megaelectron volt electron pulses. 38 Using the electronic charge-density operator σ̂E(q), the time-dependent X-ray heterodyne diffraction signal in eq 3 is written as…”

Section: Diffraction Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Purely Nuclear Quantum Dynamics in Molecules by Combined X-ray and Electron Diffraction

2022

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Monitoring the motions of atoms and molecules in the course of chemical processes is a central goal of femtochemistry. Optical spectroscopic signals are usually sensitive to electronic properties such as dipoles, polarizabilities, and electronic charge densities rather than to nuclear motions. In this theoretical study, we propose a novel measurement that solely and directly monitors the evolving nuclear wave packet and can thereby unambiguously image photochemical events in real time. We demonstrate how nuclear charge densities can be singled out by subtracting the ultrafast gas-phase X-ray and electron diffraction signals in the photodissociation of thiophenol as it passes through two conical intersections. This signal can reveal the shape and trajectory of the nuclear wave packets as well as the electronic coherences in the vicinity of conical intersections.

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Time-resolved measurements of sub-optical-cycle relativistic electron beams

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2023

New J. Phys.

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We propose an all-optical technique to record the time information of relativistic electron beams with sub-optical-cycle duration. The technique is based on the interaction of the electron beam with the ponderomotive potential of an optical traveling wave generated by two counter-propagating circularly polarized optical fields at different frequencies in vacuum. One of the optical pulses is a vortex laser pulse, and the other is a normal Gaussian laser pulse. The time information of the electron beam is mapped into the angular information, which can be converted into a spatial distribution after a drift section. Thus, the temporal profile and arrival time of the electron beam can be retrieved from the spatial distribution of the electron beam. The measurement has a dynamic range comparable to the period of the optical intensity grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses. This technique may have wide applications in many research fields that require sub-optical-cycle electron beams.

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Relativistic Attosecond Electron Pulses from a Photocathode Radio-Frequency Gun

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Attosecond Charge Migration in Molecules Imaged by Combined X-ray and Electron Diffraction

Attosecond Charge Migration in Molecules Imaged by Combined X-ray and Electron Diffraction

Imaging Purely Nuclear Quantum Dynamics in Molecules by Combined X-ray and Electron Diffraction

Time-resolved measurements of sub-optical-cycle relativistic electron beams

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